荷叶为什么不怕水

发布网友发布时间：2022-05-12 04:40

共5个回答

热心网友时间：2023-08-04 00:51

这谈到了比较围观的液/固、液/气复合接触模式，水滴在荷叶上，液/气接触产生的作用力远大于水滴自身的重力，相当于间接提高了水滴的内部张力，因此，荷叶会产生防水效应。

热心网友时间：2023-08-04 00:51

因为表面有纳米级的小山包，山包上长着绒毛，因此水珠只能在山包之间的缝隙上滚动，根本无法沾湿荷叶的表面。

热心网友时间：2023-08-04 00:52

简单说因为荷叶耸起的小颗粒试荷叶的表面能低于水的表面能。
如果用电子显微镜观察的话，就会发现它（叶）表面有一些这种微小的这种突起，这种微小的突起是这种微米级的微小的突起，然后这种微小的微米级的突起上面，又形成一种纳米级的突起。
我们触摸荷叶时粗糙的感觉，实际上就是由这些微小的突起产生的，它们平均大小约为10微米。而那些更小的突起，直径只有200个纳米左右。
要知道微米只有毫米的千分之一，而纳米更是小到一定程度了，它只有微米的千分之一。到底有多大？我给您打个比方，假设一根头发的直径是0.05毫米的话，嚓、嚓、嚓、嚓，把它纵向剖成5万根，那每根的厚度大约就是1个纳米，够小的吧。

热心网友时间：2023-08-04 00:52

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热心网友时间：2023-08-04 00:53

荷叶表面具有粗糙的微观荷叶具有超疏水表面微观结构，它的表面有细小的微观粗糙结构，还包裹着不亲水的表皮蜡，这些结构托起水滴，减小了固体与液体的接触面积，使水滴处于“半悬空”的状态。
在显微镜下可以发现，荷叶表面布满着许多高度约为5～9微米的乳突，乳突之间的距离约为12微米。而且，在每一个乳突上面，都长了许许多多蜡状突起，这些突起的直径约为200纳米。

每一个蜡状突起由于其表面具有排斥性，就像是给整张荷叶铺上了一层保护膜一样，能抵挡住任何液滴的侵入。
所以，当水滴落到荷叶上时，这些密集林立的大大小小的“柱子”就对水滴产生了排斥性，使水滴无法侵入到“柱子”的间隙里，从而使荷叶保持干爽。