每日一词:干涉 (Interference)

发布网友发布时间：2024-09-17 07:13

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热心网友时间：2024-09-29 05:57

波相互重叠时，便会出现干涉现象。举例来说，将两块石头投入水坑，观察波纹散开，可以看到它们结合成独特的图案。在相长干涉中，波峰相互放大，如同波谷一样；而在相消干涉中，波峰和波谷相互抵消。

当阳光从油面以及油水交界处反射，水面上的油膜会产生五彩斑斓的光干扰图案。这两种反射路径不同，当重新结合时，根据光的波长（即颜色），它们将以建设性或摧毁性方式进行干涉。这使得白光变成彩虹般色彩，并随观察角度变化而变化。类似地，光从闪亮的CD或DVD凹槽中反射，也会产生彩色干涉。

当两个声音音调相近时，干涉现象尤为明显。建设性和摧毁性干涉会产生一种被称为跳动的颤音效果。

Interference occurs when waves overlap. If you drop two stones in a puddle and watch the ripples spread out, you'll see them combine to form a distinctive pattern in which coinciding wave crests have amplified each other in 'constructive interference', as have matching troughs, while peaks and troughs cancel each other out in 'destructive interference'.

A thin film of oil on water can create colourful light interference patterns when sunlight reflects from the top of the oil as well as the oil-water boundary. The two reflections have followed different path lengths, so when they recombine, they interfere in a constructive or destructive way depending on the light's particular wavelength, or colour. This makes white light fan out into a rainbow of colours that changes with viewing angle. Light reflecting off the many grooves of a shiny CD or DVD creates colourful interference in a similar way.

Sound interference is noticeable when two tones have an almost identical pitch. This creates a warbling effect called beating due to constructive and destructive interference.