聊一聊这个情态动词用法

发布网友发布时间：2024-09-27 18:05

共1个回答

热心网友时间：2024-09-29 18:18

近期，社群内有同学对情态动词的使用方法产生了疑问。让我们通过几个例子来深入理解。在句子"Astronauts and cosmonauts commute to an International Space Station that has little purpose beyond providing a destination for their capsules, whose design would have been familiar in the 1960s." 中，would have been表示的是对过去情况的一种推测，表达了作者对于太空技术进展缓慢的失望，认为今天的飞船在上世纪60年代看来并不新鲜。

许多同学可能会混淆情态动词would/could/might have done的用法，误以为它们仅用于与过去事实相反的假设。实际上，情态动词与完成时态结合，可以用于表达对过去的推测。例如新概念3中的句子：“As on pumas had been reported missing from any zoo in the country, this one must have been in the possession of a private collector and somehow managed to escape.” 通过must have been，我们可以推测美洲狮的下落。

在表达对过去的肯定推测时，情态动词也可以用must have been、could have done等，如"The city at one time must have been prosperous, for it enjoyed a high level of civilization." 以及BBC新闻中的"She showed a firm command of the issues, which she effectively mixed with personal touches. While citing her daughter, who died of drug addiction, during a question on marijuana legalisation could have seemed forced, her answer came across as sincere." 这些句子展示了情态动词在推测中的灵活运用。

除了"情态动词+have done"，"情态动词+do"和"情态动词+be doing"也被用于肯定推测，如："His fans would already be familiar with Caroline" 和 "The bus must be coming soon"。然而，值得注意的是，must在表示推测时通常不用于否定句和疑问句，而是用can’t/couldn’t，如"You can’t have thrown them away" 和 "He couldn’t have been more than fourteen years old"，这里mustn’t的用法则带有禁止的意味，而非推测。