with so much homework to do, he has no time to sleep.
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发布时间:2024-09-28 02:37
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时间:2024-09-29 04:51
您好,这两个句子的解释其实并不难,问题在于 to do 和 remaining to be done 的用法。
在英语中,使用了(不定式)表示(动作尚未开始,也就是通常是表示近期或是将来会开始);而使用了(现在分词)表示(动作正在进行中)。
所以:
1)With so much homework to do, he has no time to sleep. 的含义是功课一点都没做,从没开始做,表示所有的功课都必须做完。这里想要表达的通常是人(因为其他事情而无法作功课,比如懒惰,玩),主观成分更多些。所以,with so much homework to do 的默认主语是(人),I am to do much homework 的意思。在英语中,尽管用法可以算是(主动语态表被动)的范畴了。在英语中,主动表主动,被动表被动较为简单,但是主动表被动或是被动表主动就比较难了。
2)With so much homework remaining to be done, he has no time to sleep. 的含义是功课已经开始做了,但因为功课太多,导致感觉怎么做都做不完的意思,比较客观。而 with so much homework remaining to be done 的默认主语是 homework,而不是(人),所以这里用了(不定式的被动语态)【保持了需要被做完的状态】;Much homework remains to be done. 的意思了。这一句的和前一句的主要区别在于 remain 这个动词把默认主语变了,从(人)变成了(物);因为是 homework remains【物(留在;保持不变)】,而不是 people remain【人(留在;保持不变)】。remain 还可以译为(剩下,遗留,尤其是作为现在分词使用。)
之所以不用 With so much homework to be done, he has no time to sleep. 是因为默认主语是(人),假如把句子改写,I am to be done homework,显然就不正确了。
希望这样的解释可以帮助到您。
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