实义动词后加什么
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发布时间：2022-05-23 22:06
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热心网友
时间：2024-03-09 12:09
1．及物动词要求有宾语
①Mr．Smith gave his wife twenty pounds for her birthday．史密斯先生给了他的妻子20英镑过生日. ②He asked the teacher a few questions．他向老师问了几个问题. ③We have friends all over the world.我们的朋友遍天下. ④Children and young people like bright colors．孩子和年轻人喜欢亮丽的颜色.
2．不及物动词不要求有宾语
① Most shops in Britain open at 9:00 A．m.and close at 5:00 or 5:30 in the evening .英国大部分商店九点开门,晚五点或五点半关门. ②George's father lives there．乔治的爸爸住在那里. ③Let's go home．我们回家吧. ④The examination ended at 11:30 A．m．考试上午十一点半结束.
3．特殊实义动词
英语动词很多既是及物动词又是不及物动词,如 close,begin,study,leave,work等. ①The post office closes at 9:00 p.m．邮局晚上9点关门. ②Close the window,please．请关窗. ③Shall we begin now?我们现在开始吗? ④ Bill began working as a sailor after he left school．比尔毕业后当水手. ⑤They left yesterday．他们昨天离开的. ⑥When did you leave Washington?你什么时候离开华盛顿的? ⑦The students study hard.这些学生学习努力. ⑧The students study English and German．这些学生学习英语和德语. ⑨He works in a supermarket.他在一家超市工作. ⑩He works the machine on Mondays.他星期一操作这台机器. 3.实义动词,也叫行为动词.就我们现在所学的内容来讲,实义动词所在的句子中一般不存在be动词.也就是在含有实义动词的句子变否定句或疑问句时,一定不能用be动词.那么,实义动词究竟怎样用呢?正如be动词随着主语的变化可变为am、is、are一样,实义动词在肯定句中,也要随着主语的变化而变化.当主语为第三人称单数he,she,it时,实义动词要变为相应的第三人称单数；当主语为非第三人称单数I,you(你),we,you(你们) they时,实义动词要用动词的原形.而在变否定句和疑问句时,不能直接在动词上变,而是要借助另一类动词：助动词do、does. （1）肯定句： ① I have a blue book. ② He has a brother. ③ She wants to be a teacher. ④ They like to play basketball. (2)否定句：主语+don’t/doesn’t+动词原形.其中do/does为助动词,是来帮助实义动词构成否定或疑问句的,但加了do/does后,其后面的动词必须用动词原形. ① I have a blue book.（变为否定句）→I don’t have a blue book. ② He has a brother.（变为否定句）→He doesn’t have brother. ③ She wants to be a teacher.（变为否定句）→She doesn’t want to be a teacher. ④ They like to play basketball.（变为否定句）→They don’t like to play basketball. (3)一般疑问句：Do/Does +主语+动词原形+其他?句中加了do/does后,其后面的动词还是必须用动词原形. ① I have a blue book.(变为一般疑问句)→Do you have a blue book? ② He has a brother.(变为一般疑问句)→Does he have a brother? ③ My brother does his homework before supper.(变为一般疑问句)→Does your brother do his homework before supper? ④ She wants to be a teacher.(变为一般疑问句)→Does she want to be a teacher? ⑤ They like to play basketball.(变为一般疑问句)→Do they like to play basketball? (4)特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句? ① Your sister likes English best because it’s interesting.(对加粗部分提问) →Why does your sister like English best? ② He does his homework before supper.(对加粗部分提问)→When does he do his homework? 注意：当含有and引导的短语在句中做谓语或宾语,我们把这类句子变否定句时,必须把and变为or.如： (1)He can swim and dance.（变为否定句）→He can’t wim or dance. (2)My father likes English and math.（变为否定句） →My father doesn’t like English or math. （5） but和except后.but前是实义动词do时,后面出现的不定式不带to. 例如：He wants to do nothing but go out.他只想出去玩. 比较：He wants to believe anything but to take the medicine.除了吃这药,他什么都信.
