比较生僻的成语故事
发布网友
发布时间：2022-04-22 00:16
共5个回答
热心网友
时间：2024-01-04 03:38
一、歧路亡羊
杨朱是战国时期的一位着名学者，人称杨子。杨子的邻居丢失了一只羊，于是，这个邻居的全家人都去找，同时也请杨子的仆人帮着一块儿去找。
杨子说：唉，不过是丢掉一只羊而已，何必要让那么多人去找呢?丢羊的人说：因为岔路太多了。
那些找羊的人回来后，杨子问道：找到了没有?他们回答说：没有!杨子问：为什么找不到呢?他们说：岔路中间又有很多岔路，我们不知道羊往哪一条岔路上去，所以就回来了。
杨子听了，很有感触，脸上露出了很不愉快的神色，沉默了很长时间，整天都没有笑容。人们觉得特别奇怪，便对杨子说：羊又值不了多少钱，更何况丢的也不是你家的羊，你为什么这么闷闷不乐呢?杨子没有回答。
有一个名叫心都子的人在一旁边听了说道：道路因岔路多了，容易使羊丢失;学者因为不能专心致志，可能会迷失人生的方向。(原文是：大道以多歧亡羊，学者以多方丧生。)杨子闷闷不乐的原因难道你们还不明白吗?
歧路亡羊这一成语由大道以多歧亡羊演变而来，比喻事情复杂多变，没有正确的方向，就会误入歧途。歧路，岔路;亡，丢失。
二、笑比河清
包拯是北宋庐州(今安徽省合肥市)人。端州的砚台很有名，以前的知州借上贡的名义，随意征收几十倍的砚台来巴结上司。
包拯到任后，命令只造上贡朝廷的数目，一块也不能多，老百姓的负担一下子减轻了。担任三司户部副使时，一次契丹在边境集结军队，边境的州郡逐渐紧张起来，朝廷派包拯到河北调发军粮。
包拯说：漳河地区土地肥沃，百姓却不能耕种，邢赵三州有民田一万五千顷，却被用来牧马，请求全部给老百姓耕种。造福了河北的百姓。
包拯任开封府府尹时，因为是京城，很不好管理。按以前的规定，百姓告状要先写状子，再托府吏传进来。包拯破了这个规矩，大开府门，让老百姓直接到堂上来陈述，这样官吏再也做不了手脚。一次，开封发大水，水排不出去。
包拯一调查，原因是许多权贵在疏通的河道上筑了许多花园、亭台。包拯限期他们全部拆掉。有个权贵不肯拆，还拿出一张地契，说那块地是他的。包拯详细一检查，发现地契是伪造的。包拯马上拆了他的花园，并奏明仁宗皇帝。后来大水就退了。
由于包拯铁面无私，一年时间就把开封治得井井有条。权贵们都收敛了许多，一听到包拯的名字就怕，说要看到包公的笑脸比看到黄河水变清还难。老百姓却很喜欢他，说：关节不到，有阎王包老。
笑比河清形容态度严肃，难见笑容。
(出自《宋史》卷三一六)
三、偃旗息鼓
在三国时期蜀汉的军事集团中，赵云是少有的智勇双全的将领，他凭着大智大勇，为刘备的蜀汉政权立下了汗马功劳，所以成为人们心目中的大英雄。
赵云品性谦逊，性情冷静，自从跟随刘备，千难万险，忠心不改。在蜀营中，赵云除了领军破敌，履行将军职责外，还担负着一个重要的职责：做刘备的亲随，负责保护刘备以及家小的安全。
毫无疑问，这是一项极其艰巨的工作。赵云没有让刘备失望：当阳长坂，他单骑救阿斗;刘备东吴成亲，他行诸葛锦囊之计，竭力护主等等。
有一次，蜀魏两国交战，蜀将黄忠杀死魏将夏侯渊，并夺取了战略要地。曹操听到这个消息后十分恼火，于是把米仓移到汉水旁边的北山脚下，并亲自率领二十万大军向阳平关大举进攻。
黄忠决定带兵趁夜烧劫魏军粮草。临行前，他和赵云约定了返回时间，结果过期未归。赵石就带兵前去接应，正好与曹操的军队狭路相逢，赵云同魏军厮杀起来，最后将魏军打得落花流水，成功营救回黄忠。
曹操遭受这么大的损失，怎能善罢甘休!他指挥大队人马追杀赵云，直扑蜀营。刘备只好带领数万百姓逃往江陵，并派赵云断后。双方相遇，又是一场恶战。没过多久，赵云甩开魏军先锋，直扑魏军战阵，且战且退，争取时间，保证刘备和数万百姓的安全。最终，赵云杀出重围，回到了自家营地。
正在营地的张飞赶紧前来接应，副将张翼见赵云己退回本寨，后面追兵又来势凶猛，便要关闭寨门拒守。赵云却临敌制变，一面下令大开营门，偃旗息鼓，准备放曹军进来;一面又命令弓箭手埋伏在寨内，白己则单*匹马地站在门口等候敌军。
气势汹汹的魏军很快赶到，一时间，大兵压境，战云密布。赵云这边却寨门大开，见不到一面战旗，听不到一声战鼓。生性多疑的曹操见状，怀疑里面隐藏着伏兵，不敢轻易进攻，便下令撤兵。
赵云见曹军退兵，立刻擂起战鼓，刹那间，杀声震天，飞箭如雨，魏军十分恐慌，自相践踏，很多兵卒掉进汉水淹死了。于是，赵云率将士趁势夺取了魏军的粮草，斩杀了曹操的大批人马，得胜回营。
第二天，刘备亲自来到营地犒劳军士，当看到昨日战斗留下的痕迹时，他感慨地说：“子龙(赵云，字子龙)一身都是胆啊!”
《三国志·蜀书·赵云传》裴松之注引《赵云别传》
【求解驿站】原指秘密行军，不暴露目标。后用以指休战或不声不响停止行动。偃，放倒;息，停止。
四、堕甑不顾
孟敏是东汉山东巨鹿人，客居在太原。有一次孟敏背着甑（古代瓦制器皿）行走，不慎失手，甑坠地打破了，孟敏头也不回继续向前走。
这事被当时的名士郭林宗看见了，问他，他回答说：“甑已经破了，看他有什么用?”郭林宗觉得他不一般，就劝说他去游学。十年以后，孟敏名闻天下，位列三公。
“堕甑不顾”比喻事情已经过去，不作无益的惋惜。
五、反求诸己
相传四千多年前，正是历史上的夏朝；当时的皇帝就是赫赫有名的大禹。有一次，诸侯有扈[hù]氏起兵入侵，夏禹派伯启前去抵抗，结果伯启打败了，部下们很不甘心，就一致的要求再打一次仗。
伯启说：“不必再战了。我的兵马、地盘都不小，结果还吃了败战，可见这是我的德行比他差，教育部下的方法不如他的缘故。所以我得先检讨我自己，努力改正自己的毛病才行。”
从此，伯启发愤图强，每天天刚亮就起来工作，生活简朴，爱惜百姓，尊重有品德的人。这样经过了一年，扈氏知道了，不但不敢来侵犯，反而心甘情愿的降服归顺了。形容反躬自省，从自己身上找原因。
六、墙东窥宋
战国时的宋玉在《登徒子好色赋》中说道：登徒子在楚王面前说宋玉好色，宋玉否认了，并且说：天下的美色，没有能比得上我家东邻的女子，她增之一分则太长，减之一分则太短，傅粉则太白，涂朱则太红。但她登墙偷看我三年，我至今都没有动心。
“墙东窥宋”形容美女多情。
热心网友
时间：2024-01-04 03:38
English
春秋时候，晋献公听信谗言，杀了太子申生，又派人捉拿申生的弟弟重耳。重耳闻讯，逃出了晋国，在外流忘十几年。
经过千幸万苦,重耳来到楚国。楚成王认为重耳日后必有大作为，就以国群之礼相迎，待他如上宾。
一天，楚王设宴招待重耳，两人饮洒叙话，气氛十分融洽。忽然楚王问重耳：“你若有一天回晋国当上国君，该怎么报答我呢？”重耳略一思索说：“美女待从、珍宝丝绸，大王您有的是，珍禽羽毛，象牙兽皮，更是楚地的盛产，晋国哪有什么珍奇物品献给大王呢？”楚王说：“公子过谦了。话虽然这么说，可总该对我有所表示吧？”重耳笑笑回答道：“要是托您的福。果真能回国当政的话，我愿与贵国友好。假如有一天，晋楚国之间发生战争，我一定命令军队先退避三舍（一舍等于三十里），如果还不能得到您的原谅，我再与您交战。”
四年后，重耳真的回到晋国当了国君，就是历史上有名的晋文公。晋国在他的治理下日益强大。
公元前633年，楚国和晋国的军队在作战时相遇。晋文公为了实现他许下的诺言，下令军队后退九十里，驻扎在城濮。楚军见晋军后退，以为对方害怕了，马上追击。晋军利用楚军骄傲轻敌的弱点，集中兵力，大破楚军，取得了城濮之战的胜利。
故事出自《左传·僖公二十二年》。成语“退避三舍”比喻不与人相争或主动让步。
Retreating about Thirty Miles as Condition For Peace
During the Spring and Autumn Period (770-476 B.C.), Duke Xian of the State of Jin Killed the crown prince Sheng because he had heard slanders about Sheng and believed them. He also sent his men to arrest Chong Er, Shen Sheng and believed them. He also sent his men to arrest Chonh Er, Shen Sheng's brother. Hearing the news, Chong Er escaped from the state of Jin, remaining a fugitive for more than ten years.
After innumerable hardships, Chong Er arrived at the State of Chu at last. King Cheng of the State of Chu treated him with high respect as he would have treated the ruler of a state, believing that he would have a vright fuure.
One day, King Cheng of the State of Chu gave a banquet in honoudr of Chong Er. Suddenly, amid the harmonious atmosphere of drinking and talking, King Cheng of the State of Chu asked Chong Er. "How will you repay me when you return to the State of Jin and become its ruler one day?" After thinking for a moment, Chong Er said, "You have plenty of beauties and attendants as well as jewelry and silk cloth, and the state of Chu abounds in rare brides and animals. What treasure can the State of Jin boast having to present to your majesty?" King Cheng of the State of Chu said, "You are too modest. Nevertheless, you still have to show your gratitude to me in one way or another, I presume?" Smiling, Chong Er answered, "If I should be fortunate enouge to return to the State of Jin and become its ruler, the State of Jin would be friendly to the State of Chu. If, one day, there should be a war between the two states, I would definitely order my troops to retreat three SHE (one SHE is equivalent to thirty LI. The LI is a Chinese unit of length equivalent to 1/2 kilometre. And, therefore, three SHE is about thirty miles.) as a condition for peace. If, under that condition, you were still not reconciled, I would have to fight with you."
Four years later, as might be expected, Chong Er returned to the State of Jin and became its ruler. He was none other than Duke Wen of the State of Jin famous in ancient Chinese history. Ruled by him, the State of Jin became increasingly powerful.
In the year 533 B.C., the Chu troops and the Jin troops confronted each other in a battle. Faithful to his promise, Duke Wen of the State of Jin ordered his troops to retreat about thirty miles. After retreating, the Jin troops were stationed at Chengpu. Seeing that the Jin troops were retreating, the Chu troops thought that the enemy troops were afraid, and began chasing them. Taking advantage of the Chu troops' arrogance and their talking the Jin troops lightly, the Jin troops concentrated their forces and inflicted a crushing defeat on the Chu troops, thus winning the victory of the battle of Chengpu.
This set phrase, "retreating about thirty miles as a condition for peace," is derived from the Chapter "The Twenty-second Year of Duke Xi" in ZuoZhuan, the famous commentary by Zuo Qiuming on The spring and Autumn Annals. The idea of this set phrase is to give way to somebody in order to avoid a conflict.
洛阳纸贵 luò yáng zhǐ guì
English
晋代文学家左思，小时候是个非常顽皮、不爱读书的孩子。父亲经常为这事发脾气，可是小左思仍然淘气得很，不肯好好学习。
有一天，左思的父亲与朋友们聊天，朋友们羡慕他有个聪明可爱的儿子。左思的父亲叹口气说：“快别提他了，小儿左思的学习，还不如我小时候，看来没有多大的出息了。”说着，脸上流露出失望的神色。这一切都被小左思看到听到了，他非常难过，觉得自己不好好念书确实很没出息。于是，暗暗下定决心，一定要刻苦学习。
日复一日，年复一年，左思渐渐长大了，由于他坚持不懈地发奋读书，终于成为一位学识渊博的人，文章也写得非常好。他用一年的时间写成了《齐都赋》，显示出他在文学方面的才华，为他成为杰出的文学家奠定了基础。这以后他又计划以三国时魏、蜀、吴首都的风土、人情、物产为内容，撰写《三都赋》。为了在内容、结构、语言诸方面都达到一定水平，他潜心研究，精心撰写，废寝忘食，用了整整十年，文学巨著《三都赋》终于写成了。
《三都赋》受到谅也评，人们把它和汉代文学杰作《两都赋》相比。由于当时还没有发明印刷术，喜爱《三都赋》的人只能争相抄阅，因为抄写的人太多，京城洛阳的纸张供不应求，一时间全城纸价大幅度上升。
故事出自《晋书·文苑·左思传》。成语“洛阳纸贵”，称颂杰出的作品风行一进。
Overwhelming Popularity of a New Work Causes Shortage of Printing Paper
In the Jin Dynasty (265-420) there was a famous writer whose name was Zuo Si who, however, was very naughty and did not like to study when he was a small kid.His father often got angry, and yet young Zuo Si was as naughty as ever and would not study hard.
One day, Zuo Si's father was chatting with his friends. his friends envied him his clever and loverly son. Hearing this, Zuo si's father sighed, "Please do not mention him. My son Zuo si does not study as well as I did when I was young, although I did not study well enough myself. It appears that he is actually a good-for-nothing." So saying, he looked disappointed. All this was witnessed by young Zuo Si. He felt very sad, feeling intensely that he would not be able to have a bright future if he did not study hard. So he was determined to study assiously from then on. Day after day and year after year, Zuo Si graally grew up. Because of his unremitting afforts in hard study, he became an erudite scholar and wrote very excellent essays. The "Ode to the Capital of the State of Qi", which took him one year to write, showed his brilliant literary talent and laid the foundation for his becoming an outstanding writer. then he planned to write an "Ode to the Capitals of the Three Kingdoms of Wei, Shu Han and Wu" with the local conditions and customs as well as the proce of the three capitals as its content. In order to achieve the desired effect in content, structure and language, he applied himself to research work with great concentration, and was so absorbed in creative writing as to forget food and sleep. It took him ten whole years to finish the writing of "Ode to the Capitals of the Three Kingdoms of Wei, Shu Han and Wu", a literary masterpiece.
The "Ode to the Capitals of the Three Kingdoms of Wei, Shu Han and Wu" was well received by the broad masses of readers after it made its appearance to the public, and people considered it as superbly written as the "Ode to the Western Capital (Changan) and to the Eastern Capital (Luoyang)" written by Ban Gu (32-92) and the "Ode to the Western Capital and to the Eastern Capital" written by Zhang Heng of the Han Dynasty (206 B.C. to A.D.220). As the art of printing had not been invented at that time, people who were fond of this "Ode" had to make handwritten copies of it themselves. As there were so many people who vied with each other in making handwritten copies, the supply of writing paper fell short of the demand in Luoyang went up greatly.
This story comes from "The life of Zuo Si" in the book "Literary Field" of The History of the Jin Dynasty. Based on this story, people have coined the set phrase "the price of writing paper went up greatly", meaning the overwhelming popularity of a new work causes shortage of printing paper, to show how popular an outstanding piece of literary work is.
草木皆兵 cǎo mù jēi bīng
English
东晋时代，秦王苻坚控制了北部中国。公元383年，苻坚率领步兵、骑兵90万，攻打江南的晋朝。晋军大将谢石、谢玄领兵8万前去抵抗。苻坚得知晋军兵力不足，就想以多胜少，抓住机会，迅速出击。
谁料，苻坚的先锋部队25万在寿春一带被晋军出奇击败，损失惨重，大将被杀，士兵死伤万余。秦军的锐气大挫，军心动摇，士兵惊恐万状，纷纷逃跑。此时，苻坚在寿春城上望见晋军队伍严整，士气高昂，再北望八公山，只见山上一草一木都像晋军的士兵一样。苻坚回过头对弟弟说：“这是多么强大的敌人啊！怎么能说晋军兵力不足呢？”他后悔自己过于轻敌了。
出师不利给苻坚心头蒙上了不祥的阴影，他令部队靠淝水北岸布阵，企图凭借地理优势扭转战局。这时晋军将领谢玄提出要求，要秦军稍往后退，让出一点地方，以便渡河作战。苻坚暗笑晋军将领不懂作战常识，想利用晋军忙于渡河难于作战之机，给它来个突然袭击，于是欣然接受了晋军的请求。
谁知，后退的军令一下，秦军如潮水一般溃不成军，而晋军则趁势渡河追击，把秦军杀得丢盔弃甲，尸横遍地。苻坚中箭而逃。
故事出自《晋书·苻坚·载记》。成语“草木皆兵”，形容神经过敏、疑神疑鬼的惊恐心理。
Every Bush and Tree Looks Like an Enemy
During the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Fu Jian, king of the State of Qin, controlled northern China. In the year383, Fu Jian led 900,000 infantry and cavalry troops to assault the State of Jin which was south of the Yangtze River. Xie Shi and Xie Xuan, senior generals of the Jin army, led 80,000 troops to offer resistance. Knowing that the Jin army was short of men, Fu Jian wanted to seize this opportunity of being much more numerous in armed forces to stage a quick attack.
Unexpectedly, the van of Fu Jian's army of 250,000 troops was defeated in the Shouchun area by an ingenious military move of the Jin army and suffered heavy losses. The senior general of the van of Fu Jian's army was killed, and there were heavy casualties of more than 10,000 soldiers. Fu Jian's army was dispirited and its morale was shaken. Many soldiers were in such a great panic that they waited for opportunities to run away. Standing on the city wall of the Shouchun City, Fu Jian and his brother Fu Rong saw that the ranks of the Jin army were in good order and that the morale of the Jin army was high. Turning to his brother, Fu Jian said, "What a powerful enemy this is! Why did people say that the Jin army was short of men?" He deeply regretted that he had taken the enemy too lightly.
Overshadowed by the disastrous defeat, Fu Jian ordered his troops to be deployed in battle formation on the north side of the Feishui River, in an attempt to regain the initiative by relying on the superior geographical conditions. Then Xie Shi and Xie Xuan, the senior generals of the Jin army, suggested that Fu Jian's army retreat a little bit, leaving some space, so that the Jin army could cross the river to conct ooperations. Fu Jian thought that his chance had come, believing that the senior generals of the Jin army did not have the elementary knowledge of warfare. It was his plan to stage a sudden attack while the troops of the Jin army was busy crossing the river, and he was sure that his plan would word. So he willingly accepted the suggestion of the Jin army.
Unexpectedly, the moment the order to retreat was given, Fu Jian's troops were utterly routed and could by no means be controlled. Taking advantage of this favorable situation, the Jin army crossed the river, pursuing and attacking the enemy. The trooops of Fu Jian's army threw away everything in headlong flight, and the field was littered with the corpses of the soldiers of Fu Jian's army. Fu Rong was killed in the tangled fighting, and Fu Jian was hit by an arrow and ran away. The Jin army won a brilliant victory by defeating a big army with its limited armed forces.
This story comes from "The Life of Fu Jian" in the volume "Records" of The History of the Jin Dynasty. The set phrase "every bush and tree looks like an enemy" is subsequently used to refer to a state of extreme nervousness.
热心网友
时间：2024-01-04 03:39
词 目 华屋秋墟
发 音 huá wū qiū xū
释 义 壮丽的建筑化为土丘。比喻兴亡盛衰的迅速。
出 处 三国·魏·曹植《箜篌引》：“生在华屋处，零落归山丘。”
词 目 华而不实
发 音 huá ér bù shí
释 义 华：开花。花开得好看，但不结果实。比喻外表好看，内容空虚。
出 处 《左传·文公五年》：“且华而不实，怨之所聚也。”
词 目 华封三祝
发 音 huá fēng sān zhù
释 义 华：古地名。封：疆界，范围。华封：华州这个地方。华州人对上古贤者唐尧的三个美好祝愿。即：祝寿、祝富、祝多男子，合称三祝。
词 目 华不再扬
发 音 huá bù zài yáng
释 义 已开过的花，在一年里不会再开。比喻时间过去了不再回来。
出 处 晋·陆机《短歌行》：“时无重至，华不再扬。”
词 目 华冠丽服
发 音 huá guān lì fú
释 义 冠：帽子。形容衣着华丽。
出 处 清·曹雪芹《红楼梦》第三回：“又行了半日，忽见街北蹲着两全大石狮子，三间兽头大门，门前列坐着十来个华冠丽服之人，正门不开，只东西两角门有人出入。”
词 目 华亭鹤唳
发 音 huà tíng hè lì
释 义 华亭谷的鹤叫声。表示对过去生活的留恋。
出 处 南朝·宋·刘义庆《世说新语·尤梅》：“ 临刑叹曰：‘欲闻华亭鹤唳，可复得呼？’”
词 目 华星秋月
发 音 huá xīng qiū yuè
释 义 如秋月那样清澈明朗，像星星那样闪闪发光。形容文章写得非常出色。
词 目 华屋丘墟
发 音 huá wū qiū xū
释 义 壮丽的建筑化为土丘。比喻兴亡盛衰的迅速。
出 处 三国·魏·曹植《箜篌引》：“生在华屋处，零落归山丘。”
词 目 华屋山丘
发 音 huá wū shān qiū
释 义 壮丽的建筑化为土丘。比喻兴亡盛衰的迅速。
出 处 三国·魏·曹植《箜篌引》：“生在华屋处，零落归山丘。”
热心网友
时间：2024-01-04 03:39
经过千幸万苦,重耳来到楚国。楚成王认为重耳日后必有大作为，就以国群之礼相迎，待他如上宾。
一天，楚王设宴招待重耳，两人饮洒叙话，气氛十分融洽。忽然楚王问重耳：“你若有一天回晋国当上国君，该怎么报答我呢？”重耳略一思索说：“美女待从、珍宝丝绸，大王您有的是，珍禽羽毛，象牙兽皮，更是楚地的盛产，晋国哪有什么珍奇物品献给大王呢？”楚王说：“公子过谦了。话虽然这么说，可总该对我有所表示吧？”重耳笑笑回答道：“要是托您的福。果真能回国当政的话，我愿与贵国友好。假如有一天，晋楚国之间发生战争，我一定命令军队先退避三舍（一舍等于三十里），如果还不能得到您的原谅，我再与您交战。”
四年后，重耳真的回到晋国当了国君，就是历史上有名的晋文公。晋国在他的治理下日益强大。
公元前633年，楚国和晋国的军队在作战时相遇。晋文公为了实现他许下的诺言，下令军队后退九十里，驻扎在城濮。楚军见晋军后退，以为对方害怕了，马上追击。晋军利用楚军骄傲轻敌的弱点，集中兵力，大破楚军，取得了城濮之战的胜利。
热心网友
时间：2024-01-04 03:40
月白风清:月光皎洁,清风轻轻吹来.
摇曳生姿:因飘汤而产生优美的姿态.
银光闪闪:指月光照耀而产生的反射.
皎月当空:一轮明月高高挂在天空.
天伦之乐:全家团聚一堂的快乐.
万籁俱寂:形容夜深人静,寂然无声.
每逢佳节倍思亲:在过节的时候,会特别的思念亲人.
