英语 语法 翻译 定语

发布网友 发布时间：2022-05-17 07:23

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热心网友 时间：2023-10-12 18:01

1.定语从句的定义：用作定语的从句叫定语从句。
2.先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。
3.定语从句的位置：紧跟先行词(名词或代词)之后。
4.引导词：引导定语从句的词(包括关系代词和关系副词)。
﹙1﹚关系代词：that/who/whom/which/as
﹙2﹚关系副词：when/where/why
5.引导词的位置：位于定语从句之前(先行词之后)。【as除外】
6.引导词的功能(作用)：
﹙1﹚连接先行词和定语从句。
﹙2﹚在定语从句中充当一定的成分(关系代词充当主语或宾语，关系副词充当状语)。
7.定语从句的类型：
﹙1﹚限定性定语从句(主句和定语从句之间无逗号)。
① 直接由引导词引导定语从句
The man who you’re talking to is my friend.
② 由介词+关系代词(whom/which)引导
The man to whom you’re talking is my friend.
I need a pen with which I can write a letter.
=I need a piece of paper on which I can write a letter.
介词的选用可根据从句中的相关词组确定，该介词通常可以放在关系代词之前，也可放在从句之尾。例如：
The man (who/whom/that) I talked about at the meeting is from Beijing University.
=The man about whom I talked at the meeting is from Beijing University.
The palace (which/that) I often pay a visit to was built in the 17th century.
=The palace to which I often pay a visit was built in the 17th century.
﹙2﹚非限定性定语从句(主句和定语从句之间用逗号隔开)。
① 直接由引导词引导定语从句。
② 由介词+关系代词(whom/which)引导。
I live in a house far away from the city， in front of which is a big tree.
There is an apple tree standing at the gate， on which are many apples.
This is the man to whom I gave the book.
③ 由“代词/名词+of+whom/which”或“of which/ whom +名词/代词”(先行词指
人用whom，指物用which)引导。One， some， any， none， all， both， several， many， most， neither， either等词、数词、分数或百分比与of whom或of which连用。
He has five children， two of whom are abroad.
(比较：He has five children， and two of them are abroad.)
We have three books， none of which is/are interesting.
(比较：We have three books， but none of them is/are interesting.)
除why和that不能引导非限定性定语从句外，其余引导词都可以，用法同限定性定语从句一样。但要注意以下区别。
1.在形式上非限定性定语从句与主句有逗号隔开。
2.非限定性定语从句的作用：它只是补充说明先行词的情况，翻译时可译成两个句子。
The engineer， whose leg was badly hurt， was quickly sent to hospital.
(那位工程师被很快送往医院，其腿部受了重伤)
The engineer whose leg was badly hurt was quickly sent to hospital.
(那位腿部受了重伤的工程师被很快送往医院)
3.在非限定性定语从句中，任何引导词都不能省略(包括引导词在此定语从句中充当宾语在内)。指人做主语时只能用who， 做宾语时用whom；
指物做主语，宾语都用which； 关系副词用when或where，也不能省略。

热心网友 时间：2023-10-12 18:01

at 在…。后面的就是图片下面给的"北卡罗莱纳大学公路安全研究中心"。the University of North Carolina 名词短语，of North Carolina是介词短语作定语修饰the University, 而这个名词短语又作定语，修饰Highway Safety Research Center.

热心网友 时间：2023-10-12 18:02

at是介词

the University of North Carolina Highway Safety Research Center是一个专有名词，不涉及定语的。

the University of North Carolina Highway Safety Research Center是一个专有名词，发问者感兴趣的可能是其语素构成，可分为三部分the University of North Carolina， Highway Safety， Research Center，可以用自己所涉及的主体替换相关部分而组成自己所要的专有名词。

热心网友 时间：2023-10-12 18:02

UNC Highway Safety Research Center

这是一个专有名词，不涉及任何语法

热心网友 时间：2023-10-12 18:03

North Carolina 修饰限定 University，表范围限定（定语的作用），是北卡罗来纳大学而不是其它的什么大学。
Highway Safety Research Center是同位语，是对前面的地点信息的进一步说明，是大学里的公路安全研究中心。