关于heaching的英文故事

发布网友发布时间：2022-04-24 07:26

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热心网友时间：2022-06-17 14:41

health:

It's estimated there are more than 9 million cases of gastro-enteritis each year in England. For an increasing number of people, it's e to food poisoning, something that's preventable.

Gastro-enteritis describes symptoms affecting the bowel, such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea and stomach pain. Food poisoning is the type of gastro-enteritis caused by eating or drinking something contaminated with micro-organisms or germs, or by toxic substances proced by these germs. These illnesses are often accompanied by fever, muscle aches, shivering and feeling exhausted.

These micro-organisms enter the body in one of two ways:

In the food. The food isn't cooked thoroughly, so the micro-organisms aren't killed off. This is often the case with barbecued food, for example.
On the food. For example, the person preparing the food doesn't wash their hands before handling the food.

Common food culprits

campylobacter - milk and poultry
salmonella - eggs, meat (especially poultry)
clostridia - spores in food (especially meat)
listeria - meat, dairy foods, fish and shellfish.

Causes
Campylobacter infection is the most common cause of food poisoning seen by GPs. It likes to reside in milk and poultry.

Other common causes include salmonella, listeria, shigella and clostridia. Some take a few hours to cause symptoms, others take a few days. Serious infections with E.coli are, fortunately, uncommon.

Prevention
Follow these tips to prevent food poisoning:

Always wash your hands thoroughly before preparing food, after going to the toilet and after handling pets.
Keep kitchen work surfaces clean.
Keep pets away from food.
Make sure food is defrosted completely before cooking.
Ensure food is cooked thoroughly before eating. Meat shouldn't have any pink bits.
Serve reheated food piping hot.
Keep raw meat and fish covered and store at the bottom of the fridge.
Store all perishable foods at 5°C (41°F) or less.
Keep raw food covered up.
Rinse fruit and vegetables under running water before eating.
Throw away any food that's past its use-by date, doesn't smell right and/or has fungus on it.

Treatment
Most infections last 24 to 48 hours, ring which time fluid is often lost from both ends. To prevent dehydration, drink plenty of cooled boiled water and use re-hydration powders if the symptoms continue. Sometimes, antibiotic treatment is necessary; this can be determined by testing for the micro-organism responsible.

It's especially important that anyone whose work involves handling or preparing food stays away from work while they have symptoms to avoid passing the illness to others. They must also notify, and seek advice from, their local environmental health department.

If someone suspects that food bought from, or eaten in, a specific shop, takeaway or restaurant is responsible, they should also inform their local environmental health department, so the standards of food hygiene can be investigated.

This article was last medically reviewed by Dr Rob Hicks in December 2005.