肯尼迪的登月演说演说 中文版15
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发布时间：2023-10-21 15:17
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时间：2024-10-21 11:38
这是一篇非常著名的演讲,肯尼迪总统在在莱斯大学阐述了他的太空计划.
英语原文.
I appreciate your president having made me an honorary visiting professor, and I will assure you that my first lecture will be very brief.
I am delighted to be here and I'm particularly delighted to be here on this occasion.
We meet at a college noted for knowledge, in a city noted for progress, in a State noted for strength, and we stand in need of all three, for we meet in an hour of change and challenge, in a decade of hope and fear, in an age of both knowledge and ignorance. The greater our knowledge increases, the greater our ignorance unfolds.
Despite the striking fact that most of the scientists that the world has ever known are alive and working today, despite the fact that this Nation¹s own scientific manpower is doubling every 12 years in a rate of growth more than three times that of our population as a whole, despite that, the vast stretches of the unknown and the unanswered and the unfinished still far outstrip our collective comprehension.
No man can fully grasp how far and how fast we have come, but condense, if you will, the 50,000 years of man¹s recorded history in a time span of but a half a century. Stated in these terms, we know very little about the first 40 years, except at the end of them advanced man had learned to use the skins of animals to cover them. Then about 10 years ago, under this standard, man emerged from his caves to construct other kinds of shelter. Only five years ago man learned to write and use a cart with wheels. Christianity began less than two years ago. The printing press came this year, and then less than two months ago, ring this whole 50-year span of human history, the steam engine provided a new source of power.
Newton explored the meaning of gravity. Last month electric lights and telephones and automobiles and airplanes became available. Only last week did we develop penicillin and television and nuclear power, and now if America¹s new spacecraft succeeds in reaching Venus, we will have literally reached the stars before midnight tonight.
This is a breathtaking pace, and such a pace cannot help but create new ills as it dispels old, new ignorance, new problems, new dangers. Surely the opening vistas of space promise high costs and hardships, as well as high reward.
So it is not surprising that some would have us stay where we are a little longer to rest, to wait. But this city of Houston, this State of Texas, this country of the United States was not built by those who waited and rested and wished to look behind them. This country was conquered by those who moved forward--and so will space.
William Bradford, speaking in 1630 of the founding of the Plymouth Bay Colony, said that all great and honorable actions are accompanied with great difficulties, and both must be enterprised and overcome with answerable courage.
If this capsule history of our progress teaches us anything, it is that man, in his quest for knowledge and progress, is determined and cannot be deterred. The exploration of space will go ahead, whether we join in it or not, and it is one of the great adventures of all time, and no nation which expects to be the leader of other nations can expect to stay behind in the race for space.
Those who came before us made certain that this country rode the first waves of the instrial revolutions, the first waves of modern invention, and the first wave of nuclear power, and this generation does not intend to founder in the backwash of the coming age of space. We mean to be a part of it--we mean to lead it. For the eyes of the world now look into space, to the moon and to the planets beyond, and we have vowed that we shall not see it governed by a hostile flag of conquest, but by a banner of freedom and peace. We have vowed that we shall not see space filled with weapons of mass destruction, but with instruments of knowledge and understanding.
Yet the vows of this Nation can only be fulfilled if we in this Nation are first, and, therefore, we intend to be first. In short, our leadership in science and in instry, our hopes for peace and security, our obligations to ourselves as well as others, all require us to make this effort, to solve these mysteries, to solve them for the good of all men, and to become the world's leading space-faring nation.
We set sail on this new sea because there is new knowledge to be gained, and new rights to be won, and they must be won and used for the progress of all people. For space science, like nuclear science and all technology, has no conscience of its own. Whether it will become a force for good or ill depends on man, and only if the United States occupies a position of pre-eminence can we help decide whether this new ocean will be a sea of peace or a new terrifying theater of war. I do not say the we should or will go unprotected against the hostile misuse of space any more than we go unprotected against the hostile use of land or sea, but I do say that space can be explored and mastered without feeding the fires of war, without repeating the mistakes that man has made in extending his writ around this globe of ours.
There is no strife, no prejudice, no national conflict in outer space as yet. Its hazards are hostile to us all. Its conquest deserves the best of all mankind, and its opportunity for peaceful cooperation many never come again. But why, some say, the moon? Why choose this as our goal? And they may well ask why climb the highest mountain? Why, 35 years ago, fly the Atlantic? Why does Rice play Texas?
We choose to go to the moon. We choose to go to the moon in this decade and do the other things, not because they are easy, but because they are hard, because that goal will serve to organize and measure the best of our energies and skills, because that challenge is one that we are willing to accept, one we are unwilling to postpone, and one which we intend to win, and the others, too.
It is for these reasons that I regard the decision last year to shift our efforts in space from low to high gear as among the most important decisions that will be made ring my incumbency in the office of the Presidency.
In the last 24 hours we have seen facilities now being created for the greatest and most complex exploration in man's history. We have felt the ground shake and the air shattered by the testing of a Saturn C-1 booster rocket, many times as powerful as the Atlas which launched John Glenn, generating power equivalent to 10,000 automobiles with their accelerators on the floor. We have seen the site where five F-1 rocket engines, each one as powerful as all eight engines of the Saturn combined, will be clustered together to make the advanced Saturn missile, assembled in a new building to be built at Cape Canaveral as tall as a 48 story structure, as wide as a city block, and as long as two lengths of this field.
Within these last 19 months at least 45 satellites have circled the earth. Some 40 of them were "made in the United States of America" and they were far more sophisticated and supplied far more knowledge to the people of the world than those of the Soviet Union.
The Mariner spacecraft now on its way to Venus is the most intricate instrument in the history of space science. The accuracy of that shot is comparable to firing a missile from Cape Canaveral and dropping it in this stadium between the the 40-yard lines.
Transit satellites are helping our ships at sea to steer a safer course. Tiros satellites have given us unprecedented warnings of hurricanes and storms, and will do the same for forest fires and icebergs.
We have had our failures, but so have others, even if they do not admit them. And they may be less public.
To be sure, we are behind, and will be behind for some time in manned flight. But we do not intend to stay behind, and in this decade, we shall make up and move ahead.
The growth of our science and ecation will be enriched by new knowledge of our universe and environment, by new techniques of learning and mapping and observation, by new tools and computers for instry, medicine, the home as well as the school. Technical institutions, such as Rice, will reap the harvest of these gains.
And finally, the space effort itself, while still in its infancy, has already created a great number of new companies, and tens of thousands of new jobs. Space and related instries are generating new demands in investment and skilled personnel, and this city and this State, and this region, will share greatly in this growth. What was once the furthest outpost on the old frontier of the West will be the furthest outpost on the new frontier of science and space. Houston, your City of Houston, with its Manned Spacecraft Center, will become the heart of a large scientific and engineering community. During the next 5 years the National Aeronautics and Space Administration expects to double the number of scientists and engineers in this area, to increase its outlays for salaries and expenses to $60 million a year; to invest some $200 million in plant and laboratory facilities; and to direct or contract for new space efforts over $1 billion from this Center in this City.
To be sure, all this costs us all a good deal of money. This year¹s space budget is three times what it was in January 1961, and it is greater than the space budget of the previous eight years combined. That budget now stands at $5,400 million a year--a staggering sum, though somewhat less than we pay for cigarettes and cigars every year. Space expenditures will soon rise some more, from 40 cents per person per week to more than 50 cents a week for every man, woman and child in the United Stated, for we have given this program a high national priority--even though I realize that this is in some measure an act of faith and vision, for we do not now know what benefits await us. But if I were to say, my fellow citizens, that we shall send to the moon, 240,000 miles away from the control station in Houston, a giant rocket more than 300 feet tall, the length of this football field, made of new metal alloys, some of which have not yet been invented, capable of standing heat and stresses several times more than have ever been experienced, fitted together with a precision better than the finest watch, carrying all the equipment needed for propulsion, guidance, control, communications, food and survival, on an untried mission, to an unknown celestial body, and then return it safely to earth, re-entering the atmosphere at speeds of over 25,000 miles per hour, causing heat about half that of the temperature of the sun--almost as hot as it is here today--and do all this, and do it right, and do it first before this decade is out--then we must be bold.
I'm the one who is doing all the work, so we just want you to stay cool for a minute. [laughter]
However, I think we're going to do it, and I think that we must pay what needs to be paid. I don't think we ought to waste any money, but I think we ought to do the job. And this will be done in the decade of the sixties. It may be done while some of you are still here at school at this college and university. It will be done ring the term of office of some of the people who sit here on this platform. But it will be done. And it will be done before the end of this decade.
I am delighted that this university is playing a part in putting a man on the moon as part of a great national effort of the United States of America.
Many years ago the great British explorer George Mallory, who was to die on Mount Everest, was asked why did he want to climb it. He said, "Because it is there."
Well, space is there, and we're going to climb it, and the moon and the planets are there, and new hopes for knowledge and peace are there. And, therefore, as we set sail we ask God's blessing on the most hazardous and dangerous and greatest adventure on which man has ever embarked.
Thank you.
中文翻译
*皮策，副总统先生，*，国会议员托马斯参议员威利和众议员米勒，韦伯先生，贝尔先生，科学家，各位来宾，女士们，先生们：
我很欣赏你们的总统后，使我的名誉访问教授，我会向你保证，我的第一场演讲会很简短。
我很高兴来到这里，我特别高兴能借此机会在这里。
我们在大学举行注意到知识在城市，注意到进展，注意到一个国家的力量，我们在所有三个需要的立场，因为我们满足在一个小时的变化和挑战，在一个充满希望和恐惧的10年， ，在双方的知识和无知的年龄。我们的知识越多的增加，我们的无知展开更大。
尽管引人注目的事实，认为世界上已知最活着的科学家和工作今天尽管这个民族报酬的科研人才，正在加倍超过3倍的增长速度每12年，我们的人口，1整体而言，尽管如此，对未知的广袤和回音，未完成的还远远超过了我们的集体理解。
没有人能够完全掌握多远，多快，我们来了，但凝聚，如果你愿意，人¹在5.0万年拧记录在时间跨度的历史，但一个半世纪。在这些条款所述，我们只知道他们在年底甚少，前40年，先进的人学会了用动物皮来支付。然后，大约10年前，根据这一标准，人从他的洞穴建造其他类型的住房。只有5年前的人学会了编写和使用带有轮子车。*教开始不到两年前。印刷机今年来，然后不到两个月前，在这整个50年的人类历史跨度，以蒸汽机提供了新的力量源泉。
探讨了牛顿引力的意义。上个月，电灯，电话，汽车和飞机成为可能。就在上周，我们开发并青霉素和电视及核电，而现在如果美国报酬新的航天器成功，我们将有字面午夜之前达成的明星今晚达成金星。
这是一个惊人的步伐，这样的速度不能不创造新的弊病，因为它可以免除新的，旧的无知，新问题，新的危险。当然空间的承诺成本高，困难的开放前景，以及高回报。
因此，毫不奇怪，有些人想让我们停留在我们是一点时间休息，等待。但这样的城市休斯敦，得克萨斯州这个国家，这个国家是美国建造的那些没有谁休息，等待和希望了解他们身后。这个国家被征服那些谁向前推进-因此将空间。
威廉布拉德福德，在对普利茅斯湾殖民地1630年成立时说，所有伟大的，光荣的行动是伴随着很大的困难，都必须听命企业转制和勇气克服。
如果这是我们取得的进展胶囊的历史告诉我们什么，那就是他的人对知识的追求和进步，是有决心，不能被吓倒。空间探索将继续进行，我们是否也或不参加，这是有史以来的伟大壮举，没有国家的希望成为其他国家的领导人都希望留在后面的比赛空间。
这些摆在我们面前谁提出来这个国家的某些乘坐的第一次工业*的浪潮，现代发明的第一浪，而第一批核电，这一代不打算创办人在时代的到来反冲洗空间。我们指的是它的一部分-我们的意思来领导。对于全世界的目光现在期待进入太空，月球和行星的以外，我们发誓，我们不会看到它以一种征服敌对旗管辖，而是由一个自由与和平的旗帜。我们发誓，我们不会看到大规模杀伤性武器填补空间，但与知识和认识工具。
然而，这个国家的誓言才能完成，如果我们在这个国家是第一次，因此，我们希望成为第一。总之，我们的领导在科学和工业，我们的希望和平与安全，我们的义务，对自己和其他人，都要求我们作出这种努力，要解决这些谜团，要解决的所有男人好他们，并成为世界领先的航天国家。
我们踏上这新的海洋，因为有新的知识后可取得的船帆，新的权利要取得胜利，他们必须赢得和全体人民的进步使用。空间科学，核科学和等所有技术，也没有自己的良心。是否会成为力量的好坏取决于对人，且仅当美国前占有位置优越地位，我们才能决定这是否有助于新的海洋将是一个和平，还是一个新的海上战区战争的可怕。我不是说我们应该或将反对任何空间更充满敌意滥用保护比我们违背了陆地或海上敌对使用未受保护的，但我说，可以探索的空间，没有喂养战火掌握，没有重复，人类大约在扩大我们这个世界，他的失误令。
没有冲突，没有偏见，在外层空间没有尚未解决民族冲突。它的危害对我们有敌意的。它征服值得全人类的最好的，其对和平合作的许多机会没有再来。但是，为什么有人说，月球？为什么选择在我们的目标呢？他们可能会问为什么攀登最高的山峰？为什么，35年前，大西洋的飞行？为什么赖斯玩德州？
我们选择到月球。我们选择到在这10年重返月球和做其他事情，并不是因为他们是容易的，但因为这是很难的，因为这一目标将有助于组织和衡量我们的精力和技能的最好的，因为这是一个挑战我们愿意接受，也是我们不愿意推迟，而这是一个我们想赢得这次选举，和其他人也。
正是由于这些原因，我把去年决定在空间转移我们的努力从低到高的齿轮作为其中最重要的是在我将在总统办公室任职的决定。
在过去24现在，我们已经看到正在为在人类历史上最伟大，最复杂的探索创建的设施小时。我们已感受到地面震动和土星的一荤测试- 1火箭打破了空气，多次强大，阿特拉斯发起约翰格伦，发电相当于一万汽车地板上的加速器。我们看到那里的500架F - 1火箭发动机，每个强大，合并后的土星所有8个引擎之一，将聚集在一起，使先进的土星导弹的地点，在一个新的建设聚集在卡纳维拉尔角建的高作为48个故事的结构，如一个街区宽，只要这两个字段长度。
在这些过去19个月至少有45颗卫星环绕地球航行。其中有四十人“在美利坚合众国”，他们也更复杂，更提供了知识的比苏联的世界人民。
飞船上的水手的办法金星现在是在空间科学史上最复杂的工具。该精度开*射击媲美从卡纳维拉尔角发射导弹，并在这下降之间的40码线体育场了。
过境卫星正在帮助我们的船只在海上带领一个更安全的课程。泰罗斯卫星，我们得到了前所未有的飓风和风暴警告，并会为森林火灾和冰山一样。
我们有我们的失败，但至今有其他人，即使他们不承认他们。他们可能不太公开。
可以肯定的是，我们是落后，将一些落后载人飞行的时间。但我们不打算留下来，在这十年中，我们应当通过继续向前迈进。
我们的科学和教育的增长将丰富我们的宇宙和环境学习和观察绘图和新的工具和工业，医药计算机，新技术，新知识，家庭和学校。技术机构，如水稻，将享受到这些成果的收获。
最后，航天事业本身，同时还处于初级阶段，已经创造了大量的新公司，以及数以万计的新的工作岗位。空间及相关产业创造新的需求，在投资和技术人员，这个城市和这个国家，这个地区，将分享这一增长很大。曾经是对西方老边界最远的前哨将是对科学和空间的新境界最远的前哨。休斯敦，休斯敦市的与载人航天中心，将成为一个大型的核心科学和技术界。在未来5年内国家航空和航天局预计将翻一番的科学家和工程师在这一领域的人数，增加工资和费用的支出6000万美元的一年，投资于工厂和实验室设施约2亿美元;和直接或超过10亿美元从这个新的空间，在这个城市中心的工作合同。
当然，这一切费用我们都非常可观的收入。今年报酬的空间预算是3倍于1961年1月，是比过去8年间合并预算。该预算现已达到五点四零零美元万一年-一个惊人的数目，但略低于我们将香烟和雪茄，每年支付。太空开支将很快上升一些，从40人每周美分每个男人，女人和美国第孩子超过50美分的一周里，我们已经放弃了这程序中国家最优先-尽管我知道这在一定程度上是一种信仰和理想，代理我们现在还不知道等待着我们有什么好处。但如果我说，我的同胞们，我们将发送到月球，二十四万英里远离休斯敦，一个巨大的火箭超过300英尺高控制站，这个足球场的长度，新的金属合金制成，其中一些还没有被发明，常设热能力和更强调超出以往的经验，配备比最好的手表精度好几次一起，带着所有的设备所需的推进，指导，控制，通信，食物和生存，在一个未经考验的任务，一个未知天体，然后安全地返回地球，重新进入大气层时超过每小时2.5万英里的速度，导致热量的一半左右太阳的温度-几乎热，因为它是今天在这里-并做了这一切，并做正确的，并首次在此之前的十年，是进行-那么，我们必须大胆。
我是一个谁是做所有的工作，所以我们只是想让你停留一分钟冷却。 [笑]
不过，我认为我们将这样做，我认为，我们必须付出什么需要支付。我不认为我们应该再浪费钱，但我认为我们应该做的工作。这一工作将在60年代的十年。这可能是你做，而有些学校还在这里在这个学院和大学。这将是期间所做的人民谁坐在这个平台进行一些任期。但是，将得到伸张。这将是完成在本十年结束。
我很高兴，这所大学将发挥在月球上作为一个伟大的美利坚合众国的国家努力的一部分人的一部分。
很多年前，伟大的英国探险家乔治马洛里，谁是死在珠穆朗玛峰，有人问他为什么要爬上去。他说，“因为它的存在。”
那么，空间是有的，我们要爬上去，月亮和行星的存在，以及知识与和平的新希望在那里。 ，因此，我们出航我们要求的最有害和危险的和最伟大的冒险，人开始过上帝的祝福。
谢谢您。
