如何应对英语中的完形填空
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发布时间：2022-05-06 12:16
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时间：2023-10-09 11:58
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完形填空的特点和技巧：1.完形填空的特点：(1)只考以下四类词——名词、动词(包括短语动词)、形容词和副词。(2)首句不设空：有助于考生了解或推测全文的大意。(3)同一小题的四个选项都是同一词类，且为同一语法形式。2.完形填空的技巧:(1)词语之间的习惯搭配，或固定搭配。
观察1：Amajor French newspaper (21) his brother for him…(2009广东)
21. A.found B.misunderstood C.mistookD.judged
解析：mistake A for B（意思是：把……错认为）是固定搭配，故答案为C.
观察2：Nobelarranged in his will to give the largest part of his money to (28) the Nobelprize，which would be awarded to people who made great(29) to the causes of peace，literature，andthe sciences.(2009广东)
28.A.establish B.form C.developD.promote
29.A.additions B.sacrifices C.changesD.contributions
解析：根据与名词theNobel prizes的搭配，又结合常识，应当是(建立；形成)诺贝尔奖金。makecontributions to意思是(对……作出贡献)是固定搭配，故28题答案为A，29题答案为D.
(2)背景知识或生活常识：
观察1：“Dr.AlfredNobel，who became rich by finding ways to kill morepeople faster than ever before，died yesterday.”Nobelwas (24) to find out not that he had died，but that，whenhis time was up，…(2009广东)
A.upset B.anxiousC.excited D.pleased
解析：根据常识，看到报道自己死这样的消息，特别是说自己通过killmore people faster来发财的评论，应当是(心烦意乱的)，不可能是“兴奋的(excited)”、
“高兴的(pleased)”、“渴望的(anxious)”。所以答案是：(A).
观察2：Butwe ran so much that，afterwards，we had trouble ()北京高考题
A.speaking B.movingC.sleeping D.breathing
解析：根据常识，跑步太快时，人们会(呼吸很困难)，所以答案是(D).
观察3：Amajor French newspaper mistook his brother for him and carried an article (22)the death of Alfred Nobel.
22.A.introcing B.announcing C.implyingD.advertising.
解析：由常识可知，报社应该是(透露；宣布)消息，故用announce(give information about)，所以答案为B.
(3)根据上下文提示，也就是我们所说的上下文语境。这是做完形填空非常重要的一种方法。
观察1：Tomake sure that he was (26) with love and respect.Nobel arranged in his will togive the largest part of his money to establish the Nobel prizes，…(2009广东).
26.A.repaid B.describedC.supported D.remembered
解析：由下文中设立诺贝尔奖金可知，他改变自我形象是为了被别人充满爱与尊敬地(记住)，故答案为D.
观察2：Everycountry has its own culture.Even though each country uses doors.Doors many havedifferent functions and purposes which lead to (22) differences. (2010广东).
22A.national国家的 B.embarrassing尴尬的 C.cultural文化的 D.amazing惊奇的
解析：从开头总括句“Everycountry has its own culture.”我们可以知道门的使用也有自己的(文化差异)，故答案为C.
观察3：WhenI first came to America，I noticed that apublic building had two different (23) and they had distinct functions.You haveto push the door with the word“PUSH”to goout of the building and to pull the door with the word“PULL”toenter the building.(2010广东).
23.A.exits B.entrancesC.signs D.doors.
解析：从下文(push the doorwith the word“PUSH”)和(pullthe door with the word“PULL”)可知，每一幢公共建筑都有两种不同的“标志”，即“push”和“pull”，故答案为C.
观察4：In southKorea，we do not need to wait for people to get off.Onemorning，I hurried to the bus，andwhen the bus doors opened，I (29) tried toget on the school bus through the front door. (2010广东).
29.A.politely B.patientlyC.unconsciously D.slowly.
解析：由上文“In south Korea，we donot need to wait for people to get off”可知作者在生活中已经养成了习惯，由生活常识知道，到美国后，就(无意识地)遵循以往的习惯，故答案为C.
(4)词语或词义复现。词汇复现往往会使语篇中的句子相互衔接得更紧密。利用词语的复现，对解题很有帮助。
观察1：Allthe students around looked at me，I was totally(30)，and my face went red.(2010广东).
30.A.embarrassed B.annoyedC.unsatisfied D.excited.
解析：由上下文“my face went red.”及“All the students aroundlooked at me.”可知答案应该是A，意思是(尴尬的)。
观察2：Beforesetting out，I told Barrett this trip would be tiringand rough…This (35) achieved all I’d expected. (天津).
35.A.interview B.flightC.article D.trip.
解析：短文前面有trip提示，故35空指的是“旅行”，故选(D).
