...历史记述了从隋朝建立(581年)至清前期(1840年前)的中国历史,这...
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发布时间：2023-12-09 19:59
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时间：2024-09-05 01:15
第二问：1259年（1分）
（2）材料一：唐朝，三省六部制（2分） 元朝，行省制（2分）
三省六部制：三省六部间既分工合作，提高了效率；有互相牵制，加强了以皇权为核心的中央集权。
行省制度：有效地加强了对广大疆域的统治，特别是加强了对边疆地区的有效管理。
材料二 第一问：明朝：在地方，废除行省制，设立三司（1分）；在中央，废除丞相，六部直接听命于皇帝（1分）。 清朝：设立军机（房）处（1分）认识：军机处的设立增强了保密性，提高了办事效率（1分）；加强了皇权，是皇权高度膨胀的产物。（1分）第二问：君权不断加强，相权不断削弱，直至被取消。（2分）
（3）社会经济方面：南方经济迅速发展，长江流域成为全国经济重心；宋代人口数量突破一亿，劳动力大量增加；农业生产工具和耕作技术得到很大改进，农田水利得到很大发展；铁、铜等金属冶炼不论是质量还是数量，都达到当时世界最高水平；陶瓷业发展到一个新阶段，瓷器畅销全球；商业繁荣，北宋时期四川地区出现世界上最早的纸币——交子；对外贸易兴盛，海外贸易范围很广……（任答1点即得1分）
社会生活方面：在手工业作坊里做工的工匠可以得到一定数量的工钱，工匠身份相对自由；商人的社会地位得到提高；多数农民能够维持温饱生活，农民的文化生活也不断丰富；城市里出现了娱乐场所——瓦舍……（任答1点即得1分）
科技方面：北宋毕昇发明了活字印刷术；宋代人们将指南针用于航海；宋代改进火药，制成大量的火药和火药武器，广泛用于军事；北宋沈括著《梦溪笔谈》是“中国科学史上的里程碑”。…… （任答1点即得1分）
文化方面：北宋司马迁主持编写我国第一部编年体通史《资治通鉴》；宋词意境幽远，著名词人有苏东坡、李清照、辛弃疾等。……（任答1点即得1分）
（4）第一问：①隋大运河 ②明清皇宫（或紫禁城或故宫） ③明长城（各1分）
第二问：隋大运河是古代世界上最长的运河。故宫是我国现存规模最大、最完整的古建筑群。长城是中华民族精神的象征。（各1分）
（5）或赞叹成就、或自豪辉煌、或感慨危机等皆可。（2分）
本题考查的是隋朝建立（581年）至清前期（1840年前）的中国历史。隋朝至清朝朝代更替示意图应为：隋朝、唐朝、辽与北宋、南宋西夏与金的并存、元朝、明朝、清朝。从隋朝建立（581年）至清前期（1840年）这总共是1259年的历史。材料一中的两个示意图分别反映了我国唐朝的三省六部制和元朝的行省制度。作用：三省六部制：三省六部间既分工合作，提高了效率；有互相牵制，加强了以皇权为核心的中央集权。行省制度：有效地加强了对广大疆域的统治，特别是加强了对边疆地区的有效管理。材料二反映了明朝为加强中央集权，在地方，废除行省制，设立三司；在中央，废除丞相，六部直接听命于皇帝。清朝为加强中央集权，设立军机（房）处。认识：军机处的设立增强了保密性，提高了办事效率；加强了皇权，是皇权高度膨胀的产物。从材料一到本回答由提问者推荐已赞过已踩过你对这个回答的评价是？评论收起 // 高质or满意or特型or推荐答案打点时间 window.iPerformance && window.iPerformance.mark('c_best', +new Date); 推荐律师服务：若未解决您的问题，请您详细描述您的问题，通过百度律临进行免费专业咨询 ._1uevpeq{zoom:1;background-color:#fff;border:0;margin-bottom:10px;padding:30px 0 20px 42px;position:relative}._1uevpeq.ec-1841{padding:20px 0}._1uevpeq.ec-2246{padding:20px 0 10px}.ec-1841 .y7we4hu{font-size:16px;margin-bottom:-5px}.y7we4hu{color:#7a8f9a;height:25px;line-height:25px;overflow:hidden;position:relative}.y7we4hu h2{margin:0;padding:0}.y7we4hu:after{clear:both;content:" 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