新概念英语第2册Lesson55~57重点语法及句型
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新概念英语第2册Lesson55重点语法及句型
重要句型或语法
过去习惯的表达
本课侧重对比used to do和would do两种表达过去习惯的用法区别。如：
I used to live near my work and would always get home early.
课文主要语言点
Dreams of finding lost treasure almost came true recently. 1)dreams of doing sth.，梦想做某事。 2)lost treasure，失踪的宝藏。 3)注意区分almost(更多用来表程度)和nearly(更多用来修饰数字)，但两者经常可以互用。 4)come true，成为现实、实现。
A new machine called 'The Revealer' has been invented and it has been used to detect gold which has been buried in the ground. 1)called 'The Revealer' 用作machine的定语，中间省略了which/that was。 2)invent，发明。其动作的名词为invention，表人的名词为inventor(发明家)。 3)be used to do sth.，被用来做某事。 4)detect，探测。 5)bury，埋藏。
The machine was used in a cave near the seashore where - it is said - pirates used to hide gold. 1)注意对比句中的was used in a cave(表被动)和used to hide(表过去习惯)的区别。 2)破折号中的it is said作为插入语，强调整句话只是据说如何如何，不一定是事实。 3)pirate，海盗。 4)hide，隐藏。注意其过去式和过去分词分别为hid和hidden。
The pirates would often bury gold in the cave and then fail to collect it. 1)句中的would do就是表达过去习惯的。 2)fail to do，没有做成某事。 3)collect，收集、收藏。
Armed with the new machine, a search party went into the cave hoping to find buried treasure. 1)be armed with，装备着。用作伴随状语。 2)the search party，搜寻队。party在这里表示一伙人。 3)hoping to find buried treasure，是现在分词短语，用作目的状语。可以改为and hoped to find buried treasure。
The leader of the party was examining the soil near the entrance to the cave when the machine showed that there was gold under the ground. 1)leader，领队、领导。 2)examine，检查、检测。 3)soil，土壤。不可数名词。 4)the entrance to，...的入口。entrance源自动词enter。
Very excited, the party g a hole two feet deep. They finally found a small gold coin which was almost worthless. 1)very excited，过去分词作伴随状语。 2)注意dig(挖掘)的过去式和过去分词都是g。 3)two feet deep，两英尺深。注意英语中各维度单位的表达，如：三米宽(three meters wide)、四米高(four meters high)、五米长(five meters long)。 4)worthless，一文不值的。
The party then searched the whole cave thoroughly but did not find anything except an empty tin trunk. 1)注意区分search(搜查)和searh for(寻找)的区别。 2)thoroughly，完全地、彻底地。 3)注意区分except、except for和apart from。 4)注意but前加上逗号，隔开前后两个并列分句。
In spite of this, many people are confident that 'The Revealer' may reveal something of value fairly soon. 1)in spite of，尽管、虽然。相当于despite。但是，如果后面接的是句子，只能用despite that...。 2)be confident in，对...自信。如果后接句子，则用be confident that。 3)reveal，揭示、揭露。 4)something of value，有价值的东西。 5)fairly，相当、很。注意与rather(一般用来修饰表消极事物)的区别。
This time it was the postman and he wanted me to sign for a registered letter! 1)it was the postman：当我们不知道对方是谁的时候，经常用it来指代。 2)sign for sth.，签收某物。 3)a registered letter，挂号信。
新概念英语第2册Lesson56重点语法及句型
重要句型或语法
1、比较关系
本课侧重的是be like、the same as、be different from等比较关系的表达。如：
My jacket is like yours.
My jacket is the same as yours.
My jacket is different from yours.
【推荐阅读】
有关比较关系的详细用法，请参考下文：
英语比较状语从句的用法大全
2、不定代词
本课侧重的是不定代词little、a little、few、a few、much、many的用法。如：
There isn't much whisky, but you can have a little.
There aren't many apples, but you can pick a few.
课文主要语言点
Once a year, a race is held for old cars 1)once a year，每年一次。once表示一次，twice表示两次，三次以上都用times来表达。 2)hold，举行、举办。其过去式和过去分词都是held。
A lot of cars entered for this race last year and there was a great deal of excitement just before it began. 1)enter for，参加(比赛)。 2)a great deal of，许多、大量。注意只能用来修饰不可数名词。 3)just before，就在...之前。
One of the most handsome cars was a Rolls-Royce Silver Ghost. 1)handsome，英俊的、漂亮的。 2)Rolls-Royce Silver Ghost，劳斯莱斯银魅。这款车享有“世界上的汽车”的美誉。silver，银。ghost，魔鬼。
The most unusual car was a Benz which had only three wheels. Built in 1885, it was the oldest car taking part. 1)Benz，奔驰车。 2)Built in 1885是过去分词短语，作为伴随状语。 3)taking part用作car的定语，其完整原形为that took part。
After a great many loud explosions, the race began. 1)a great many，许多、大量。与a great deal of只能用来修饰不可数名词不同的是，a great many只能用来修饰可数名词。 2)explosion，爆炸。源自动词explode。
Many of the cars broke down on the course and some drivers spent more time under their cars than in them! 1)break down，抛锚。 2)on the course，在赛道上。 3)注意体会本句话中的幽默笔触：一些司机选手花了更多的时间躺着车底下，而不是坐在车里面，意思是车子坏了，得躺到车底去修车。注意under和in要重读，以突出前后对比效果。
A few cars, however, completed the race. The winning car reached a speed of forty miles an hour - much faster than any of its rivals. 1)complete，完成。 2)winning，取胜的。 3)reach a speed of，达到...速度。 4)注意much常用来修饰比较级。 5)rival，竞争对手。
It sped downhill at the end of the race and its driver had a lot of trouble trying to stop it. 1)speed，加速前进。其过去式和过去分词都是sped。 2)downhill，下山、下坡。 3)at the end of，在...末尾、尾声。 4)have trouble doing，做某事有困难或有麻烦。
The race gave everyone a great deal of pleasure. It was very different from modern car races but no less exciting. 1)give sb. a great deal of pleausre，给某人带来莫大的快乐。 2)be different from，与...不同。 3)no less exciting，一样的精彩或令人激动。注意no more than或no less than，都表示“与...一样得...”
新概念英语第2册Lesson57重点语法及句型
重要句型或语法
1、介词
本课侧重的是介词at、in、off和with的用法。如：
I'll see you at the station.
Let's go for a walk in the park.
The pencil rolled off the desk.
The man with long hair is supposed to be a poet.
2、make和let
本课侧重的是make和let作为使役动词的用法。如：
I can't make him change his mind.
Don't let the children touch anything in this room please.
课文主要语言点
A woman in jeans stood at the window of an expensive shop. 1)in+衣服，表示穿着...衣服。注意对比“in+颜色”，表示穿着什么颜色的衣服。 2)at the window of，在...窗边。
Though she hesitated for a moment, she finally went in and asked to see a dress that was in the window. 1)though，尽管、虽然。引导的是让步状语从句。 2)hesitate，犹豫。其名词形式为hesitation。 3)that引导的是定语从句，修饰先行词a dress。
The assistant who served her did not like the way she was dressed. 1)who引导的是定语从句，修饰先行词the assistant。 2)serve sb.，为某人服务、接待某人。 3)注意she was dressed其实是定语从句，用来修饰先行词the way，she前省略了in which。 4)be dressed，穿着。
Glancing at her scornfully, he told her that the dress was sold. 1)Glancing at her scornfully，属于现在分词短语用作伴随状语的用法。 2)glance at sb.，扫了或瞥了某人一眼。 3)scornfully，轻蔑地。该词源自名词或动词scorn(蔑视、轻视)。
The woman walked out of the shop angrily and decided to punish the assistant next day. 1)walk out of....，走出某地。 2)punish，惩罚。 3)next day，第二天。也可以表达为the next day。
She returned to the shop hte following morning dressed in a fur coat, with a handbag in one hand and a long umbrella in the other. 1)return to，回到某地。 2)the following morning，第二天早上。 3)dressed in a fur coat，过去分词用作伴随状语。 4)with a handbag in one hand and a long umbrella in the other，这是with引导的独立主格结构(with+名词+介词短语)，用作伴随状语。
After seeking out the rude assistant, she asked for the same dress. 1)seek out，挑出、找出。 2)ask for，请求、要求。
Not realizing who she was, the assistant was eager to serve her this time. 1)not realizing...，现在分词短语用作伴随状语。注意这种情况下，现在分词短语的否定形式是在doing前加not。 2)who引导的是realizing的宾语从句。 3)be eager to do，渴望做某事。
With great difficulty, he climbed into the shop window to get the dress. As soon as she saw it, the woman said she did not like it. 1)with great difficulty，费了好大劲儿。用作方式状语。 2)注意句中用了climbed into the shop window，说明店员的确费了很大劲儿才够着裙子，从而凸显了店员的谄媚样儿。 3)注意第二句中说到，当女士看到店员爬进橱窗后，马上又说自己不喜欢那条裙子，报复的心理终于得到满足了。
She enjoyed herself making the assistant bring almost everything in the window before finally buying the dress she had first asked for. 1)enjoy oneself doing，开心得做某事。 2)make sb. do sth.，让某人做某事。注意make sb.后面接动词时，不能接to do的用法。但除了make sb. do sth.之外，也可以用make sb. doing/done的用法。 3)before finally buying...before后面直接接了doing，其实是省略了相同的主语she，其原形应该是：before she finally bought... 4)she had first asked for用作定语从句，修饰先行词the dress，中间省略了关系代词that或which。
