高一英语必修一语法复习提纲
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发布时间：2022-04-23 05:13
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时间：2023-08-03 22:59
一. 直接引语和间接引语
（一）直接引述别人的原话，叫做直接引语；用自己话转述别人的话，叫做间接引语。间接引语一般构成宾语从句。直接引语必须放在引号内，间接引语则不用引号。直接引语改为间接引语时，除将引语部分变成宾语从句外，还必须对直接引语中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等进行改变。
1. 时态的变化：直接引语变为间接引语时，通常受转述动词said, asked等的影响而使用过去化的时态，即把原来的时态向过去推，也就是一般现在时变为一般过去时，现在进行时变为过去进行时，等等。例如：
Tom said to me,“My brother is doing his homework.”
→Tom said to me that his brother was doing his homework.
2. 人称代词、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等等的变化： 根据意义进行相应的变化，例如：
She asked Jack,“Where have you been?”
→She asked Jack where he had been.
He said,“These books are mine.”
→He said that those books were his.
（二）直接引语改为间接引语时，都使用陈述语序，但是因为原句的句式不同，所以变成间接引语时所用的连词会有所不同。直接引语如果是一般疑问句，用连接词whether或if；如果是特殊疑问句，则用疑问词引导间接引语。转述的动词一般用asked，可以在其后加上一个间接宾语me, him, her, us等。如：
She said,“Is your father at home?”
→She asked me if/whether my father was at home.
“What do you do every Sunday?”My friend asked me.
→My friend asked me what I did every Sunday.
直接引语如果是祈使句，改为间接引语时，要将祈使句的动词原形变为带to的不定式，并在不定式的前面根据原句的语气（即请求或命令）加上ask, tell, order等动词，如果祈使句为否定式，则在不定式前加not。其句型为：ask / tell / order someone (not) to do something. 例如：
She said to us,“Please sit down.”
→She asked us to sit down.
He said to him,“Go away!”
→He ordered him to go away.
He said, “Don’t make so much noise, boys.”
→He told the boys not to make so much noise.
二. 各种时态的被动语态
被动语态概述
被动语态的概念：它是动词的一种形式，表示主语与谓语之间的执行或被执行关系。主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者，例如：They saw the little boy crying by the river. 被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者，例如：The little boy was seen crying by the river.
被动语态的构成
被动语态的形式是由“助动词be+动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be随着主语的人称、数、时态等的不同而变化。几种常见时态的被动语态形式如下：
1. 一般现在时 am/is/are + 过去分词
例如：Rice is planted in the south of China.
2. 一般过去时 was/were + 过去分词
例如：These trees were planted the year before last.
3. 一般将来时 will/shall + be + 过去分词
例如：A sports meeting will be held next week in our school.
4. 现在进行时 am/is/are + being + 过去分词
例如：Your radio is being repaired now.
5. 过去进行时 was/were + being + 过去分词
When he got there, the problem was being discussed.
6. 现在完成时 have/has + been + 过去分词
His work has been finished.
Has his work been finished? Yes, it has. / No, it hasn’t.
7. 过去完成时 had + been + 过去分词
注意：
1．除了be之外的其它系动词如get, stay等也可以和过去分词构成被动语态。例如：Their questions haven’t got answered.
2. 含有情态动词的谓语变成被动语态使用“情态动词+ be + 过去分词”结构。例如：
More attention should be paid to the old in this country.
This work can’t be done until Mr. Black comes.
3. 含有“be going to”, “be to”等结构的谓语，其被动语态分别用“be going to + be + 过去分词”和“be to + be + 过去分词”。例如：
The problem is going to be discussed at the next meeting.
All these books are to be taken to the library.
4. 被动语态与系表结构的区别：“连系动词+用作表语的过去分词”构成的系表结构，与被动语态的形式完全一样，所以应注意它们的区别。被动语态中的过去分词是动词，多强调动作；系表结构中的过去分词相当于形容词，多强调状态。前者通常可用by 引出动作的执行者，而后者则不可以。例如：
The map was changed by someone.（被动结构）
That custom remained unchanged for many centuries.（系表结构）
系表结构中的过去分词通常可被very修饰，被动语态中的过去分词往往要用much修饰。
例如：
He was very excited.（系表结构）
He was much excited by her words.（被动结构）
5. 主动形式表被动意义。有些动词的主动形式有被动意味，如 open, read, sell, shut, wash, wear, write等。此时句子的主语一般是物。例如：
These books sell well. 这些书很畅销。
The door won’t shut. 这门关不上。
The clothes wash well. 这些衣服很好洗。
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时间：2023-08-03 23:00
第一，二单元主要是情态动词的语法，
情态动词体现说话人的态度，语气，本身词义不完全，不可单独作谓语动词，必须和不带to的不定式连用，即动词原形。他没有人称和数的变化，但有的由过去式。用法较为灵活。
can和could
1.表示能力 2。表示许可3.表示请求 4。表示可能猜测常用于否定句和疑问句，表示的是逻辑上的可能性且can的可能性小于could
can和be able to的区别
形式上，can只有现在式和过去式，而后者可用于多种时态
语义上，can通常用来指一种固有的能力，后者用于指某一次具体的行为，且通过努力才能做成
may和might
1.表示许可，可以和can互换 2.表示请求语气较委婉3.表示可能性，但说话人把握不，在肯定句中表示的是事实上的可能性
will和would
1.两者都可以表示承诺和意愿 2.表示请求，用would语气委婉3.would还常用于表示过去的习惯和传统
should和shall
1.表示承诺和意愿，常用于第一人称2.表示建议3.表示应当
还有很多，我就不全发了，你复习时要注意这些词的差别和用法，做题时注意结合语境分析
还有几个比较重要的情态动词我在这里告诉你，你自己去查
must,ought to,need,dare
注意ought to,should,have to的区别
还有一些结构，情态动词+have+done表示对过去的猜测，这个也很重要
另外几单元就是名词性从句的语法了
主要是主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句等
要注意的是他们的引导词的用法，比如说that,whether等
还有就是it做形式主语和形式宾语
it做形式主语的一些结构：
it+名词+that从句
it+adj+that从句等
还有一点，是同位语从句和定语从句的区别，这个很重要
同位语从句是对主句作补充说明，名词与从句没有逻辑上的关系，that没有意义，在从句中不充当任何成分，连接池一般不可省略，多用于news,fact,belief,doubt,promise,idea,hope,order,thought,question,advice,suggestion等名词
定于从句是对名词进行修饰或限定，名词与从句有逻辑关系，关系代词或关系副词表先行词的概念，在从句中可作主语宾语，表语，定语或状语等，关系代词作宾语时可省略
之后就是一些比较重要的短语和单词了
第一单元的：take place,in memory of,dress up,play a trick,look forward to ,as though ,set off,remind of等
第二单元：ought to,lose weight,get away with ,tell a lie,win back,earn one's living ,in debt,spy on ,cut down,before long,put on weight等
第三单元：bring up ,go ahead, by accident,stare at,account for ,on the contrary,in rags,rtake a chance,as for等
第四单元：in time,lay eggs,give birth to,in one's turn,prevent from,block out,cheer up,now that,break out,watch out等
第五单元：rather than,settle down,catch sight of,have a gift for,in the distance等
总结的不详细，只说了一些重点，其余的就要靠你自己了，希望这些能帮到你
热心网友
时间：2023-08-03 23:00
1. 你的朋友把相机弄坏了，而你不得不花钱请人将它修好。
Your friend _________ the camera and you had to pay to _______ ________ __________.
2. 这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚，与它面对面。
It was _______ _________ _________ in a year and a half that I _______ ________ the night _______ _________ _________.
3. 安妮将日记当作自己最好的朋友。
Ann _______ her diary ______ ________ ________.
4. 有天晚上天气很暖和，我熬到11点半故意不睡觉，为的是独自好好看看月亮。
When it was so warm, I _______ ________ _________ _________ until half past eleven one evening _______ _________ ________ have a look at the moon for once by myself.
5. 我一直等到非关窗不可的时候才下楼去。
I ________ go downstairs ________ the window had to be ________.
6. 你英语学得怎么样了？
How _______ you ________ _________ ________ your English study?
7. 他离开的如此匆忙以至于忘记了他的钥匙。
He left in ________ a hurry _________ he forgot his key.
1. 英语在一段时间里为什么会起变化呢?
Why has English changed _________ __________ ?
2. 当今在中国学英语的人数正在迅速增长.
Today ______ _________ _______ ___________ learning Engish in China ______ increasing rapidly.
3. 即使在电视和收音机里,你也会听出人们说话时的差异.
Even on TV and the radio you will hear the differences _______ _______ _______ people speak.
4. 或者是你或者是他得去那里.
______ you _______ he has to go there.
1. My sister herself thought of cycling along the river.（就画线部分强调）
2. 一个有决心的人总是努力完成工作，无论它有多么艰难。
A _______ person always tries to ______ the job, _____ _____ _____ _____ it is.
3. 他很固执，没人能说服他去做任何事。 （so…….that）
4. The children _____ _____ _____ (急不可待)to visit the Great Wall
5. Once we have _____ _____ _____ _____ (作出决定), we should not change it.
6. 小孩子经常梦想能在天空中翱翔。
___________________________________________________________。
7. _____ _____ _____(首先)，you shouldn’t have promised to buy him a computer. _____ _____(另一方面)，you shouldn’t have broken your promise.
8. The doctor _____(劝说) him ______ _____ _____ (戒) smoking and feels better after taking his advice.
9. The exhibition was so interesting that quite ______ ______ ______ (许多) people came to visit it.
10. The balloon fell on a nail, it ______ ______ (突然爆发), and it frightened us a lot.
11. _______ _______ (数以千计的) football fans came to watch the great game.
12. He was absent today. Do you know ______ ______ ______ ______(他出什么事了)?
13. I have no money ____ _____(买) this computer. You can have him ______ (买) it.
14. He is _____ ______ ______ (太小了) go to school.
He is _____ ______ _____ ______ (太小了) go to school.
15. ______ ______ (三分之二)of the class ______ (喜欢) playing football.
16. China lies _______ ______ ______ (东部) of Asia.
17. It seemed that the world was at an end .(句型转换)
The world ______ ______ at an end .
18. 不是所有的学生都喜欢学习英语。
____________________________________________________.
19. ________________his appearance (从……判断)， he is leading a hard life now.
20. The injured man can’t __________by himself (选择填空：raise / rise )
21. 他为黑人而战斗，结果被关进监狱长达30年。
He the black people and was _____ _______for thirty years.
2、那天，曼德拉告诉我该怎么做，而且还帮我的忙，这是我一生中最高兴的日子。
The day Nelson Mandela told me and
helped me was one of the happiest days of my life.
3、过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步，一直到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。
The last thirty years _______ _______the greatest number of laws stopping our
rights and progress until today we have reached a stage______ we have almost
no rights at all.
4、只有到这个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。
Only then _____ ______decide to ________violence with violence.
5、我们被置于这样一个境地：要么我们*接受低人一等的现实，要么跟*作斗争。
We were put in a position ____ ______ we had ______ to accept we were less important, ______ fight the government.
6、非常遗憾的是我没有这个证件，因为我不是在那里出生的，我很担心我是不是会失业。
Sadly I did not have this passbook because I was not born there and I was
whether I would be .
7. In fact I don’t like violence .(句型转换)
___ ____ _____ _____ ______ I don’t like violence
8. 每个人都应积极参与*活动。
Everyone should ____ ______ _____ political activities .
9. 我建议我们步行回家。（advice / suggest ）
I suggested / advised that we ____________________________.
10..医生建议他戒烟。（advise / suggest）
The doctor advises him___________________________.
The doctor sugggests him ___________________________.
1、这是一个稀有的明朝花瓶，拥有他的人坚持说这是属于他的家族的
It is a Ming Dynasty vase. The man who has it ______ that it
his family.
2、虽然摸起来像石头一样硬，可是加热后就很容易熔化。
Although it feels _____ ______ ______stone, it easily______when ______ .
3、后来，叶卡捷琳娜二世派人把琥珀屋搬到了圣彼得堡郊外她避暑的宫殿中。
Later, Catherine II had the Amber Room to the palace outside St Petersburg
She spent her summers.
4、可悲的是，虽然琥珀屋是世界上伟大而令人赞叹的奇品，但是现在却找不到
了。
Sadly, although the Amber room was one of the great _______ of the world, it is
now .
5、在唐山地震时，他搜遍整个城市以确认他的朋友是否安全
During the Tangshan earthquake, for example, he the city for all his friends
to they were safe.
6. 这条裤子是谁的？（belong to ）
___________________________________________?
7. 还有很多工作要做
Much work remained___________________________.
8. 我正考虑买一座新房。
I am considering _________________________.
9. 人们认为他偷走了那幅画。
He is considered ______________________________
10. 他的话证明是对的。
His words proved _________________________.
11. 他坚持说他没有偷那幅画。
He insisted that he ________________________________.
12. 我坚持让他立刻去那。
I insisted ________________________________________.
13. 毫无疑问她被误解了。（doubt）
____________________________________________________.
14. 她很少一个人出门。
Seldom ____________________ go out alone .
15. 我认为他们也不应该把它交给*。
Nor ____________________they should give it to any government .
1. 2008年奥运会将在中国举行。
The 2008 Olympics _______________________________________
2. 她非常生气以至于她告诉她的父亲她只嫁给能比她跑得快的男人。
She was ______angry _______she said to her father that______________ who can run faster than her.
3. 就连橄榄枝花环也被取代了！
So even the olive wreath ______________________.
4. 我生活在你们所说的“古希腊”。
I lived in __________________________________________
5. 每四年，来自全世界的运动员都可以参赛。
_________________ athletes from all over the world __________________________.
6. 所以才叫它冬季奥运会。
That is ______________________________________________-
7. 别的国家不能参加，奴隶和妇女也不能参加。
No other countries could join in, nor _______________________________.
8. 你们学校运动会多久举办一次？
______________________________________?
9. 他答应帮助我学英语。
He ____________________________________ my English .
10. 我梦想能够被北京大学录取。
_______________________________________________.
语法句子的练习题
希望有帮助
热心网友
时间：2023-08-03 23:01
热心网友
时间：2023-08-03 23:01
