请问英语中的部分倒装与全部倒装分别是什么?什么时候用部分倒装,什么时 ...
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发布时间：2022-04-23 14:30
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热心网友
时间：2022-05-27 06:52
部分倒装与全部倒装的定义：
英语最基本的词序是主语在谓语动词的前面。如果将句子的主语和谓语完全颠倒过来，这称之为完全倒装。如果只将助动词或情态动词移至主语之前，谓语的其他部分仍保留在主语的后面，这称之为部分倒装。
用法如下：
一、完全倒装
完全倒装的四种主要类型
1. here 和there位于句首时的倒装
表示地点的here和 there位于句首时，其后用完全倒装形式。这类倒装句的谓语通常是动词be和come, go等表示移动或动态的不及物动词：
Here’s Tom. 汤姆在这里。
There’s Jim. 吉姆在那儿。
Here comes the bus. 公共汽车来了。
There goes the bell. 铃响了。
There goes the last train. 最后一班火车开走了。
【注意】
(1) 以上倒装句中的谓语动词come和go不能用进行时态，即不能说 Here is coming the bus。
(2) 若主语为代词，则不倒装：
Here I am. 我在这儿。/ 我来了。
Here it comes. 它来了。
(3) 其中的动词有时也可能是stand, lie, live等表示状态的动词(表示存在)：
There stood a desk against the wall. 靠墙放着一张书桌。
Once upon a time there lived a man known by the name of Beef. 从前有个人名叫比夫。
2. away和down等位于句首时的倒装
地点副词away, down, in, off, out, over, round, up 等位于句首时，其后用完全倒装语序。这类倒装句的谓语通常表示动态的不及物动词：
Away went the runners. 赛跑选手们跑远了。
Round and round flew the plane. 飞机盘旋着。
The door opened and in came Mr Smith. 门开了，史密斯先生进了来。
Down came the rain and up went the umbrellas. 下雨了，伞都撑起来了。
【注意】
若主语为人称代词，则不能用倒装：
Away he went. 他跑远了。
Down it came. 它掉了下来。
二、部分倒装
1. 否定副词位于句首时的倒装
在正式文体中，never, seldom, rarely, little, hardly, scarcely, no sooner, no longer, nowhere 等含有否定意义的副词若位于句首，则其后要用部分倒装：
I shall never forgive him. / Never shall I forgive him. 我永远不会宽恕他。
He seldom goes out for dinner. / Seldom does he go out for dinner. 他很少出去吃饭。
She hardly has time to listen to music. / Hardly does she have time to listen to music. 她几乎没时间听音乐。
He little realizes how important this meeting is. / Little does he realize how important this meeting is. 他不甚明白这个会议的重要性。
We had no sooner reached the airport than the plane took off. / No sooner had we reached the airport than the plane took off. 我们刚到机场,飞机就起飞了。
【注意】
(1) 对于not…until句型，当not until…位于句首时，其后的主句要用倒装语序：
He didn’t leave the room until the rain stopped. / Not until the rain stopped did he leave the room. 雨停了之后他才离开这房间。
(2) 某些起副词作用的介词短语，由于含有否定词，若位于句首，其后要用部分倒装：
On no accounts must this switch be touched. 这个开关是绝不能触摸的。
In [Under] no circumstances will I lend money to him.无论如何我也不会再借钱给他了。
但是，in no time(立即，马上)位于句首时，其后无需用倒装语序：
In no time he worked out the problem. 他马上就算出了那道题。
2.“only+状语”位于句首时的倒装
当一个状语受副词only的修饰且置于句首时，其后用部分倒装语序：
Only then did he realize that he was wrong. 到那时他才意识到他错了。
Only in this way are you able to do it well. 你只有用这种方法才能把它做好。
Only when he returned home did he realize what had happened. 当他回到家里时，才知道出了什么事。
3. “so+adj. / adv.”位于句首时的倒装
副词so后接形容词或副词位于句首时，其后用部分倒装：
So cold was the weather that we had to stay at home. 天气太冷，我们只好呆在家里。
So fast does light travel that we can hardly imagine its speed. 光速很快，我们几乎没法想像它的速度。
So sudden was the attack that we had no time to escape. 袭击来得非常突然，我们来不及逃跑。
扩展资料：
倒装句中的主谓一致
在“副词here, there, now, then, up, down, in, out, away等、作状语或表语的介词短语或分词短语＋谓语动词＋主语”的倒装结构中，谓语动词的数由动词后面的主语决定。如：
On the wall hang two maps. 墙上挂着两张地图。
On the wall hangs a world of map. 墙上挂着一张世界地图。
Here is your coat. 这是你的外套。
Here are your running-shoes. 这是你的跑鞋。
Such is the result. 结果就是这样。
Such are the results. 这就是结果。
热心网友
时间：2022-05-27 08:10
部分倒装： 助动词\情态动词+主语+谓语的实义动词型，是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前，如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。
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热心网友
时间：2022-05-27 09:45
一、使用全部倒装的情况
There goes the ambulance.救护车来了。
2.表示地点、方向、时间的副词（here, out, in,up, down, back off, away, now, then等）位于句首时。谓语动词多为表示运动的不及物动词（go, come, leave, move, run, rush, ny, jump等）。如：
Here is a telegram for you.这儿有你一封电报。
Down jumpedthe man from the horse.那人从马上跳下来。
在上述情况中，主语是代词时，则不用倒装。如：
Here you are.给你。
In he came and the meeting began.他进来，会议就开始了。
3.表示地点的介词短语位于句首时。如：
Between the two buildings stands a tall pine.两座楼之间有棵大松树。
4.直接引语的部分或全部位于句首时，点明说话人的部分主谓语要倒装。如：
"Are you listening to English on the radio?" said Mother.
但，引述动词后有间接宾语或状语时，不倒装。如：
5.在某些表示祝愿的句子中。如：
Long live our great country!伟大的祖国万岁！
二、使用部分倒装的情况
1.only修饰的状语（副词、介词短语或状语从句）位于句首时。如：
Only after three operations was he able to walk without sticks.做过三次手术之后，他才能不用拐杖行走。
Only with more practice can you pass the driving test.只有多练习你才能通过驾驶考试。
但only修饰主语时，则不倒装。如：
Only that girl knew how to work out the problem.只有那位女生知道怎样解那道题。
2.含有否定意义的副词（never, seldom, little, few, not, nowhere等）位于句首时。如：
Seldom in all my life have l met such a brave man.我一生很少见过这么勇敢的人。
Never did she care about her own safety, though she was in great danger herself.虽然她处于极大的危险之中，但她根本不顾自己的安全。
3.not until位于句首时。如：
Not until the early years of the 19th century did man know what heat is.直到19世纪初，人们才知道热是何物。
在复合句中，只有主句用倒装，until引导的从句不倒装。如：
Not until he loses his health will he give up drinking.他直到失去健康才会戒酒。
4.在no sooner...than..., hardly/scarccly/barely...when...结构中，前面部分位于句首时，其后的分句要部分倒装（谓语用过去完成时）。如：
Hardly had the baby seenthe dogwhen she cried.那女婴一看到狗就哭了起来。
NO sooner had the interpreter returned home than he was told to go to another country.那位翻译刚踏进国门就又受命要去他国。
5.not only...(but also)...位于句首引导两个分句时，前一个分句中的主谓要采用部分倒装，第二个分句则不倒装。如：
Not only does he teach in school, but hewrites novels.他不但在学校教书，而且还写小说。
Not only did she speak correctly, but also she spoke fluently.她不但说得正确，而且说得流利。
6.so/neither/nor开头的句子，说明前面的内容也适用于后者时，用倒装句“so/neither/nor+be/have/助动词／情态动词＋主语”。如：
She hasbeen to Dalian and so have I.她去过大连，我也去过。
John can't speak Japanese, nor can Helen.约翰不会讲日语，海伦也不会。
但同意对方的看法，表示“是的、确实”之意时，用“so+主语＋be/have／助动词／情态动词”句式，即主谓不倒装。目前考查这种句式的省份较多。如：
—Maggie had a wonderful time at the pany.
—_______________, and so did I.
A. So she had B. So had she
C. So she did D. So did she
（05安徽）
7.as/though引导让步状语从句时，可将谓语部分的形容词／名词／动词等提到句首，采用部分倒装。如果位于句首的是单数可数名词，其前不加冠词。如：
Brave as they were, the danger made them afraid.尽管他们很勇敢，但这样的危险仍使他们感到畏惧。
8.在so/such...that...结构中，so/such及其修饰部分位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装。如：
So beautiful was the girl that she won the championship in the beauty contest.那女孩那么漂亮，她在选美比赛中获得冠军。
Such an instructive speech did he make that all the listeners were moved.他发表的演说那么有教育意义，以至于所有的听众都很感动。
9.在含有were/had/should虚拟条件句中，省去if，把这三个词放在句首时。如：
Were she here now(=If she were here now), she would take good care of her parents.如果她现在在这儿，她就能照顾她的父母了。
Had you attended the graate ceremony(=If you had attended the graate ceremony), I should haveseen you.要是你参加了毕业典礼，我就会见到你了。
10.在某些表示祝愿的句子中。如：
May you be happy!祝你幸福！追问你好，请问什么是部分倒装，什么是完全倒装呢？
热心网友
时间：2022-05-27 11:36
Here are some registered letters for you.
In came a man with a white beard.
在部分倒装的句子中只是谓语中的一部分(如助动词, 情态动词, 或系动词be等放在主语前面, 其部分仍在主语后面:
Under no circumstances must a soldier leave his post.
I couldn’t answer the question. Nor could anyone else in our class.
Only in this way is it possible to accomplish the above-mentioned glorious task.
以neither, nor, so等开始的句子: 由so引起的表示前面所说情况也适用于另一人(或东西的句子(肯定句), 由neither, nor引起的表示前面所说情况也适用于另一人(或东西)的句子(否定句), 助动词或be置于主语前.
“We must start for the work-site now”. “ So must we.”
I am quite willing to help and so are the others.
He didn’t drop any hint. Nor (Neither) did his secretary.
“I won’t do such a thing.” “Nor (Neither) will I.”
如果一个句子只是重复前面一句话的意思, 尽管是用so开头, 语序也不要颠倒.
“It was cold yesterday.” “So it was.”
“Tomorrow will be Monday.” “So it will.”
当句首状语为
never, little, not only, not until, hardly, scarcely
等否定词或有否定意义的词语时, 一般引起部分倒装.
No longer are they staying with us.
No sooner had he arrived there than he fell ill.
Under no circumstances could I agree to such a principle.
表示位置或方向的副词提前, 谓语动词为
go, come等表示位置转移的动作动词而主语又较长时, 通常用全部倒装:
There was a sudden gust of wind and away went his hat. The door burstopen and I rushed the crowd.
There comes the bus!
Now comes your turn.
1.如果主语是代词, 仍用正常语序:
There comes your turn.
有here引起, 谓语为be的句子, 也要倒装:
Here is China’s largest tropical forest.
Here are some picture-books.
2.如果主语是代词, 仍用正常语序:
Here we are. This is the new railway station.
“Give me some paper.” “Here you are.”
3.
表语和系动词提前:
介词短语
: On the other side was northern Xinjiang.
Near the southern end of the village was a large pear
orchard
形容词
: Very important in the farmer’s life is the radio weather report.
Worst of all were the humiliations he suffered.
副词
: Below is a restaurant.
Southwest of the reservoir were 2,000 acres of sandy wasteland.
分词
: Housed in the Cultural Palace are a library, an auditorium and
recreation rooms.
Hiden underground is a wealth of gold, silver, copper, lead and zink.
Lying on the floor was a boy aged about 17.
Standing beside the table was an
interpreter.
4 句首状语若由only + 副词, only + 介词词组, only + 状语从句构成, 引起局部倒装:
Only yesterday did he find out that his watch was missing.
Only through sheer luck did he manage to get some tickets.
Only because there were some cancelled bookings did he get some tickets in
the end.
有not only开头的句子或分句, 往往引起局部倒装:
Not only did he complain about the food, he also refused to pay for it.
Not only did the garage overcharge me, but they hadn’t done a very good
repair job either.
热心网友
时间：2022-05-27 13:44
