我要一些英语缩写
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发布时间:2022-04-30 00:25
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时间:2022-06-27 04:06
常见的英文缩写(上)
平时在报章、杂志、公文或便条(memo)上,常常看到一些英文缩写(abbreviation),其中包括某些也许因为老外「怕麻烦」而造出「缩短型」(shortened form)的「简体字」。然而,这些字,在正式文件上,还是少用为妙,最好把它拼写出来,以免产生误解。例如,SOS一般本是 save our ship 或 save our souls 的急救讯号,但如果单独使用或无上下文对照,也许就会被人说是 senior officers\' school 或 service of supply 或 secretary of state,甚至有人说是 some one special。以下所举的英文缩写,都是常用的一群。
1. 国际性或全美性:
UNESCO (United Nations Ecational, Scientific and Cultural Organization)联合国教育科学文化组织(也叫国际文教组织)
例如: (The)UNESCO has made some contributions to the world.(UNESCO 对世界做出一些贡献)
NATO(North Atlantic Treaty Organization)北大西洋公约组织。
例如:Could(the)NATO members stick to their commitments?(NATO 的成员能坚守承担义务吗?)
SALT(Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty)战略武器*公约
例如:Should every nation join(the)SALT?(每个国家都要加入 SALT?)
NASA(National Aeronautics and Space Administration)美国航天太空总署
例句:The U.S. space programs depend on the performances of NASA.(美国的太空计画是靠NASA的表现而定。)
(注:以上缩写字也被人们当做一个字看待)
WHO(World Health Organization)世界卫生组织
例句:Taiwan has been trying to become one of the WHO members.(台湾一直想办法成为WHO的成员之一)
FBI(Federal Bureau of Investigation)联邦调查局(负责美国境内)
CIA(Central Intelligence Agency)*情报局(负责国外)
例句:Over the past years, Dr. and Mrs. Lee have worked for both FBI and CIA.(过去多年来李博士夫妇都为 FBI 和 CIA 工作)
FDA(Food and Drug Administration)美国食品药物管理局
例句:This new drug has to be approved by the FDA.(这新药要经 FDA 批准)
USDA(United States Department of Agriculture)美国农业部
例句:USDA supplies myriad of information on agriculture market.(有关农业市场,USDA 供应大量资料。)
IRS(Internal Revenue Service)美国税务局
例句:Employees working for IRS should be courteous toward tax payers.(IRS 员工对纳税人应该有礼貌)
NAACP(National Association for the Advancement of Color People)(全国黑*益促进会,即黑人为了增进权益的最大机构)
例句:Many African-Americans join NAACP.(许多美国黑人参加 NAACP)
NIH(National Institute of Health)
例句:Mr. Wang has worked at NIH as a researcher.(王先生在 NIH 担任研究员)
AARP (American Association of Retired People.)(美国退休人员协会)
例句:At age 50, you are eligible to be a member of AARP.(如果你 50 岁就可以成为 AARP 的会员)
AAUP (American Association of University Professors) (美国大学教授协会)
例句:The AAUP has many branches at different colleges and universities in the U.S. (AAUP 在美国各大学有很多分会)
SCORE (Services Corps of Retired Executives)(退休主管服务队)(这是美国企业界主管退休后,免费担任顾问,协助年轻人创业的团体。)
(注意:corps 单复数一样,发音与 corpse 不同,要小心。)
(注:老外在机构名称缩写字前面,有时加冠词 the, a ,an,有时不加,不过在正式文件里,通常都加。)
2. 一般考试名称:
SAT (Scholastic Aptitude Test) 学术能力倾向测验 (就是美国为高中生想进大学而设的考试)
例句:The well-known universities accept new students based on SAT scores and well-rounded personalities. (名大学接受新生根据 SAT 成绩及各方面优良的品德)
GPA (Grade Point Average)(学业成绩总平均)
例句:His GPA always stands on the top of his class. (他的 GPA 都是全班第一)
GED (General Equivalent Diploma); 一般同等文凭(高中没有毕业的学生,如果参加 GED,及格后,就可取得高中毕业证书)
例句:If he passes GED test, he will earn a high school diploma.
AP (advanced placement) 在校高中生,如果选修 AP 课程,考试及格,将来进大学时,可不必再修。
例句:His son took some AP courses at high school.
GMAT (Graate Management Admission Test) 美国为攻读企管硕士 (MBA) 学生而设的入学考试
例句:In order to enter a MBA program, you need a high score on GMAT.
LSAT (Law School Admission Test) 美国为攻读法律学生而设的入学考试
例句:He did very well in his LSAT. (他的 LSAT 考得不错)
MCAT (Medical College Admission Test) 美国为进入医学院学生而设的考试
例句:Do you think he will do well in his MCAT?
GRE (Graate Record Exam) 这是美国大学研究所对一般研究生的入学考试
例句:Most American graate schools require GRE scores.(多半美国研究所需要 GRE 成绩)
TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language) 外国学生想进美国大学的英语能力考试(即所谓:「托福」考试)
例句:Almost all Chinese college graates are required to take TOEFL if they come to the U.S. for advanced degrees. (几乎所有的中国大学毕业生都要参加 TOEFL,假如他们要到美国取得高学位的话。)
CLEP(College Level Exam Program) 任何人只要有学识专长,都可参加这种考试,一旦及格,就可取得大学的学分。
例句:As long as you pass CLEP, You may earn college credits.(只要你通过 CLEP,就能获得大学学分。)
(注:老外一般所谓「大学」只说 College,不说 University)
ESOL(English for Speakers of Other Languages) 这是美国为新来移民或外国学生所设的特别英语课程。也叫 ESL(English as a Second Language)
例句:Many American campuses offer ESOL courses for foreign students.(许多美国校园为外国学生开设 ESOL 课程)
******
常见的英文缩写(中)
3. 一般生活方面:
EOE (Equal Opportunity Employer) 这是美国各机构招考员工时向申请工作者表明自己是「平等机会雇主」。
例句:All African-Americans hope that their employments will be based on EOE.(所有美国黑人都希望他们的工作机会均等)
DOQ (Depending on Qualifications) 根据申请工作者的资历决定是否雇用。
例句:The DOQ policy is being used by our school in hiring new teachers. (聘请新教师时,本校采用 DOQ *。)
PR (Public Relation) 公共关系
例句:The college president wants to improve its PR with the community.(大学校长想与社区增进公共关系)
CEO (Chief Executive Officer) 最高行政执行长 (多半指企业界或公司领导人)
例句:The CEO of this company will resign because of poor health. (这公司的 CEO 因为身体不好而辞职)
CPA (Certified Public Accountant) 美国有执照的会计师
例句:Do you have a CPA to prepare your income tax?(你有 CPA 为你报税吗?)
COLA (Cost of Living Adjustment) 生活费用的调整(即加薪时是按生活指数而定)
例句:Our annual pay raise will be based on COLA.
STD (Sexually Transmitted Disease) = VD = Venereal Disease 性病(现在 STD 较常用)
例句:Many teen-agers face STD problems.(许多青少年面临 STD 问题)
SOA (Sexually Oriented Advertisement) 有关性方面的广告
例句:Don\'t you feel we have too much SOA in the media?(你不认为在媒体上有太多的 SOA 吗?)
GOP (Grand Old Party) 美国共和党另一称呼 = Republican Party
例句:The GOP has nominated Mr. Bush as its Presidential candidate.(GOP 已提名 Bush 先生为总统候选人)
PMS (Pre-menstrual Syndrome) 这是女人在月经前不舒服或心情不好所常用的缩写字
例句:Don\'t bother her; she has PMS.
ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) 指青少年不能集中注意力,静不下来的一种病症。
例句:Tens of thousands of youngsters are suffering from ADHD in the U.S. (在美国成千上万的青少年有 ADHD 的毛病)
RSVP (Respondez sil vous plait) 这是法文,通常在请帖上使用的「敬请回音」= Please reply(或 respond)
例句:There is“RSVP”on the invitation card.
BYOB (bring your own bottle) 老外请客时,为了减少负担或个人爱好酒的品种,在请帖上注明「请自己带酒」。
例句:Whenever he invites guests, he asks “BYOB”。 (他只要请客,就要人家自己带酒。)
AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Sydrome) 爱滋病
例句:AIDS has spread all over the world.
CPR (Cardiopulmonary resuscitation) 心脏病急救法
例句:Everyone should learn how to do CPR.
EKG (Electrocardiography) 心电图检查 (不是 ECG)
例句:Her physician asks her to have an EKG next week. (医生要她下周做 EKG)
IV (intravenous injection) 为病人注射的点滴
例句:In the hospital emergency room, I saw a patient with an IV on his arm. (在医院
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时间:2022-06-27 04:07
AD,A.DAnno Domini(=in the year of the)
Lord;since Christ wasborn 公元
A.M.,a.m.ante meridiem(before noon)上午,午前
Apr. April 四月
Aug.August八月
Ave.avenue林荫道,大街
BABachelor of Arts文科学士
BC,B.C.before Christ公元前
BS,BScBachelor of Science理科学士
C°,Centigrade摄氏度
cccubic centimeter立方厘米
CDcompact disk光盘,激光唱片
cf.confer(=compare)试比较;参看
cmcentimeter厘米
Co.company公司
c/ocare of由…转交
cp.compare比较
Dec.December十二月
dept.,Dept.department部,司,局,系
Dr.doctor博士;医生
e.g.exempli gratia(=for example)例如
esp.especially尤其是
et al.et alia(=and others)其他的
etc.et cetera(=and the rest)等等
FFahrenheit华氏的
Feb.February二月
ftfoot,feet英尺
g,gm.gram克
GMTGreenwich Mean Time格林威治时间
hr.hour小时
IDidentification card身份证
i.e.id est(=that is)那就是,即
in.inch英寸
Inc.incorporated股份有限的
Jan.January一月
Jr.junior小(用于姓名后)
Jul.July七月
Jun.June六月
kg.kilogram千克,公斤
km.kilometer千米,公里
l. liter升
lb.libra(=pound)磅
Ltd.limited有限的,股份有限
m.meter米
MAMaster of Arts文科硕士
Mar.March三月
min.minute分钟
ml.millimeter毫升
Mon.Monday星期一
Mr.Mister…先生
MrsMistress…夫人,…太太
Ms.Mrs or Miss…女士
MS,MScMaster of Science理科硕士
Mtmount,mountain峰,山
No.number号码
Nov.November十一月
Oct.October十月
Ppage;parking页,停车处
par,paraparagraph(文章的)段
Ph.D,PhDphilosophiae Doctor博士
pl.plural复数
PM,P.M.post meridiem(=afternoon)下午
PRCPeople’s Republic of China中华人民共和国
Prof.professor教授
PSpostscript附言
Rd.,rdroad路
Sat.Saturday星期六
sec.second秒
Sep., Sept.September九月
sing.singular单数
sqaquare平方;广场
st.street街道
sthsomething某物,某事
Sun.Sunday星期日
t.ton吨
tel.telephone电话
ThursThursday星期四
TuesTuesday星期二
UKUnited Kingdom(大不列颠及北爱尔兰)联合王国,英国
UNUnited Nations联合国
US,U.S.United States(= America)美利坚合众国,美国
usu.usually通常
v,vsversus…对…
VIPvery important person重要人物,大人物
vol.Volume卷,册
W,wwatt瓦特
WC water closet厕所
Wed,WedsWednesday星期三
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时间:2022-06-27 04:07
FM(from)
PLS(please)
WHO(World Health Organization)
GPA (Grade Point Average)
PR (Public Relation)
AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Sydrome)
ASAP(As Soon As Possible)
U(YOU)
CEO(Chief Executive Officer)
DIY(Do-It-Yourself)
DNA(Deoxyribonucleic Acid)
ESL(English as a Second Language)
FBI(Federal Bureau of Investigation)
HQ(Headquarters)
IQ(Intelligence Quotient)
CN(China)
JP(japan)
KR(Korea)
ETC.
PC(Personal Computer)
Ph. D(Doctor of Philosophy)
PM(Post Meridiem - Latin for after noon)
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I。P。 P。E。
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时间:2022-06-27 04:09
I'm=I am
are not=aren't
is not=isn't
cannot=can't
what is(are)=what's('re)
adv.
n.
cn.un.
adj.
prep.
v.vi.vt.
int.
num.