动词不定式和动名词的区别。越详细越好。谢谢。
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发布时间：2022-04-28 16:44
共1个回答
热心网友
时间：2022-06-19 18:52
1）
动名词与不定式的区别：
动名词表达的是：
状态，性质，心境，抽象，经常性，已发生的 不定式表达的是：
目的，结果，原因，具体，一次性，将发生的
2）
接不定式或动名词，意义相同。
3)在下列情况下，一般要用不定式：
①hate,like,love前有would(should)时，如：I'd
like
to
have
a
cup
of
coffee.
②当谓语动词begin,continue,start等是进行式时，如：Thestudents
are
starting
to
work
on
the
di
fficult
maths
problem.
③begin,continue,start与know,understand等状态动词连用时，如：I
soon
began
to
understand
what
was
happening.
⒋advise,allow,encourage,forbid,permit等动词后接动名词作宾语，或带不定式作宾语补足语。如：
Our
teachers
don't
permit
our
swimming
in
the
lake.
Our
teachers
don't
permit
us
to
swim
in
the
lake.
4）
部分动词后接不定式或动名词时，意义差别较大，应根据句子语境选择使用。
①forget,remember,regret后接不定式，表示现在或未来的动作，接动名词表示动作已经发生。如：
Don't
forget
fo
post
the
letter
for
me.
Have
you
forgotten
meeting
her
in
Beijing
Airport?
Remember
to
close
the
windows
before
you
leave.
I
remember
writing
him
a
letter
a
year
ago.
We
regret
to
tell
you
that
all
of
you
are
not
invited
toattend
the
meeting.
They
regretted
ordering
these
books
from
abroad.
动名词与不定式语义不同的有11
组：
1 stop
to
do stop
doing
2
forget
to
do
forget
doing
3 remember
to
do remember
doing
4
regret
to
do
regret
doing
5 cease
to
do
cease
doing
6
try
to
do try
doing
7 go
on
to
do
go
on
doing
8
afraid
to
do
afraid
doing
9 interested
to
do interested
doing
10
mean
to
do
mean
doing
11
begin/
start
to
do
begin/
start
doing
非谓语动词的用法是英语语法的一大难点，你最好全面对比一下不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词以及独立主格结构的用法！
所谓动名词(gerund)就是名词,只是保有一些动词的功能.所以它在句中可以作主语,宾语,表语,同位语,定语等那些名词可以充当的成分.
而现在分词(present participle)相当于形容词,在句中作表语，定语或者状语
所以当-ing形式出现在句中作主语,宾语,同位语时,它肯定是gerund.
当-ing形式出现在句中作状语时,它肯定是present participle.
它们有可能被弄错的是作表语和定语时.其实也很好区分
1. 作表语: 我们知道, 名词和形容词都可以作表语.
This is water(n.).
It is transparent(adj).
这时你肯定能明白,如果-ing作表语相当于n.它就是gerund. 反之相当于adj.时它就是present.participle.
The situation both at home and abroad is very inspiring.
One of the best exercises is swimming.
2. 作定语时的区别我在回答中已经解释了. 动名词作定语时，表示它所修饰的名词的性能和用途，和它所修饰的名词在逻辑上没有主谓关系；现在分词作定语时，表示它所修饰的名词正在进行的动作，和它所修饰的名词在逻辑上有主谓关系.
a sleeping bag.(用途)=a bag for sleeping
a sleeping child
= a child is sleeping (child是sleep的主语,sleep是child发出的动作)
