八年级上册英语第一单元
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发布时间：2022-04-27 12:28
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时间：2023-09-19 13:30
1频率副词：never hardly ever sometimes often usually always
2exercise 一、动词 锻炼、运动 My father exercises every day
二、 名词 1可数名词 体操、练习 Children are doing eye exercises
2不可数名词 锻炼、运动 Lucy does exercise in the morning
3倒装句，以here和there开头的句子通常倒装，（一）当主语是名词时，使用全部倒装，其结构为here/there+动词+名词，其中动词的形式要根据名词的单复数来确定。如：1、Here are your books2、Here comes the bus3、There goes the bell（二）当主语是代词时，使用部分倒装，其结构为here/there+主语（代词）+动词。如：Here you are
4 most做形容词，翻译为“大多数的，大部分的”修饰名词，如：Most boys like to play basketball
most做代词，翻译为“大部分、大多数”，常与of连用，用于复数名词、复数代词或不可数名词前。
如：Most of the students do homework every day（复数名词）
Most of us like our math teacher（复数代词）
Most of the water is dirty（不可数名词）
5. 练习：根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词
1.She gets up at about/round six every day.
2.Most of the Americans like to watch NBA.
3.My father’s favourite program (节目）is CCTV News.
4.Here is the result(结果）of the exam, you can look up your mark(分数）.
5.David is very active (积极的）in class.
6.as for...至于、关于1)用以转换话题：在有前文的情况下as for总是出现在下文的句首，用来引出另外一方或者新的谈话内容，但与前文内容也有一定的联系，起到补充前文又突出后文的作用，使之与前文形成对照，译作“至于”。例如：You have a bed；as for him，he'll have to sleep on the floor．2)用以表现态度：as for还可以用来表示讲话人对某人或某物持有“轻蔑”或“冷淡”的态度，甚至有憎恶之感，讲话时要重读引出的词语并在其后稍作停顿，以示强调，口气上带有嘲讽意味，译作汉语的“至于……嘛”。例如：
As for you，I never want to see you here in my home again．
7.try to do sth 尝试做某事
8.the same...as和...相同，如：Is her lifestyle the same as yours？反义词组是be different from...与...不同，如：My answer is different from my destmate’s。注意different的名词是difference，是可数名词，意为不同之处。如：There are many differences between Class3 and Class4。
9.look after照顾、照看=take care of
10.although尽管，但是，通常用于句首，注意although不能喝but连用。
11pretty做形容词 漂亮的，美丽的，后面接名词；做副词，相当、非常，等于rather、very、quite后面接形容词
Unit 2 What's the matter?
1.What's the matter? = What's the trouble (with you)?= What's your trouble = What's wrong (with you)=What' the matter (with you)=What has happened to you=Is there anything wrong (with you) = what's up
2.I'm not feeling well= I'm not feeling fine/all right = I'm feeling ill/sick =I feel terrible/bad= I don't feel well.
3.stay healthy 保持健康=keep healthy=keep in good health = keep fit
4.mind doing sth. 介意做某事
5.give up doing sth.放弃做某事
6.can't help doing sth.忍不住做某事
7.at the moment = now 此刻
8.吃一些蔬菜和水果对你的健康有好处。Eating some vegetables and fruit is good for your health. 动名词做主语
9.have+a+疾病名 生了...病 ache表示疼痛 前面加上具体的器官 headache头疼 stomachache胃疼
10.①ache常指连续性的疼痛; ②sore常指因发炎而引起的肌肉疼； ③pain常指肉体上的剧烈疼痛。
11.at the back of...在...的后面 on the back在背上
12.①few和 a few用来修饰可数名词的复数,②而little和a little 是修饰不可数名词的,在意义上a few是“一些,几个”,a little是“一点儿”,表示肯定意义。③few 和little 都表示“几乎没有”，表示否定意义。
13.hear of....听说；hear from...收到...的来信,相当于get/receive a letter from...；hear sb.do sth.听到某人做某事；hear sb.doing sth.听见某人正在做某事
14.by the way 顺便问一下,顺便说一下；in a+形容词 way,用...的方式；on the way to...在去...的路上
15.can表能力和可以，于否、问句中表猜疑。 could是can的过去式，语气比can更客气。
might表也许或可以，要比may更客气。 might是may的过去式，有些时候表猜疑。
16.too many/too much/much too用法区别
Unit 3 What are you doing for vacation?
1.go back=return返回 如go back to school 回到学校=return to school ；go back home 回到家=return hom
2.something different不同的东西 ，不定代词+形容词固定用法，相同用法的词有：somebody，sometime，somewhere，someone，anything，anyone，anybody，everything，everybody，nothing等
3.注意在表示时间的名词前介词的用法①在年月季节和泛指的一天中的上午下午傍晚前用“in”如in 1990; in summer; in the morning; in the afternoon; in the evening ②在特指的某天或某天的上午、下午、晚上前用“ on ”如on a cold morning;on Sunday; on Saturday afternoon;on November 12th ③在具体的时刻前用“ at ”如at half past ten; at 2 o'clock
4. go + V-ing 如go fishing\go shopping\go hiking\go camping\go swimming\go boating
5. plan to do sth 计划作某事
6. take sth with sb 随身携带…
7.can’t wait to do sth 迫不及待作……
8.pass sb sth=pass sth to sb 如pass me the cup=pass the cup to me 把杯子递给我
9.sell sb sth=sell sth to sb 如sell me the house=sell the house to me 把房子卖给我
10.buy sb sth=buy sth for sb 如buy me a book =buy a book for me 给我买书，
11.make sb sth=make sth for sb 如make me a cake=make a cake for me给我做蛋糕
12. how about=what about…….怎么样
13.don’t worry(about sth./sb.)别着急(为某人/事担心
14.around the world= all over the world世界各地，全世界
15.现在进行时表示将来时---- 表示意图，安排或打算。常见的动词有go \come\ leave\fly 等
16..be famous for 以…出名，for后加出名的原因 ；be famous as 作为…出名 ，as后加职业，身份或地位
17.be going to do用于将来时 a.表示按计划或安排将要发生的事，如She is going to be a teacher next year
b.表示有迹象表明将要发生的事，如It’s cloudy，it’s going to rain
c.表示客观原因表明将要发生的事，如Hurry up，we are going to be late。
18.rent sth from sb向某人租借某物；rent sth to sb 把..租借给...；rent...for sb为（替）某人租...
19.leave sw，leave for sw，leave from...从...动身 如：They are leaving from Beijing他们即将从北京动身离开
20.leave+sth+介词短语/副词 把...忘在... 如 I left my book on the train yeasterday。
21.ask for...leave请假 如ask for three day’s leave请三天的假
Unit 4 How do you get to school
1.depend on 依靠、依赖、视情况而定 eg：Children must depend on their parents
2.grow up长大、成长。Little Tom is growing up day by day
3.in common 共有、相同 The two sisters have nothing in common.
4.what do you think of 你认为……怎么样=How do you like/feel
5.a number of+可数名词复数 许多 大量
6.ride a bike 骑自行车 ride a bike to school= go to school by bike
7.take the bus 乘公共汽车 take a bus to +某地= go to +某地 by bus
8.take the train乘火车 take the train to +某地 = go to +某地 by train
9.take the subway乘地铁
10.take the plane乘飞机
11.take the boat坐小船
12.take a taxi乘出租车
13.ride to 骑车去
14.fly to 乘飞机去
15.drive to开车去
16.walk to 步行去 walk to school = go to school on foot
17. Although、though“虽然”，“尽管”，表让步连词，常引导让步状语从句。不可与but在一句话中前后同时使用。 Although / Though he is the youngest, he is the most hard-working student in his class.
18. In places where there are rivers and lakes, like Hongshanhu and Kaishan, students usually go to school by beat.此句中where引导定语从句，修饰表地点的名词places。通常who引导修饰人的定语从句that或which引导指物的定语从句，whose指人物关系例She is the girl who played guitar at the party. He showed us an English story book which is bought in the United States. Kate is talking
with her art teacher whose painting is on show in the city hall.
Unit 5 Can you come to my party
1. the day after tomorrow 后天 前天 the day before yesterday
2 I'd love to.=I'd like to. 注意在这两种中“to”不能省掉，否则意思不完整，不能说：I'd like 或 I'd love. I'd love to 比 I'd like to 表达程度更深一些。'd = would ，I'd love to = I would love to.
3.情态动词can / have to/ need/ must ：can 是能不能，能够做某事 have to,不得不，强调客观上的原因迫使不得不去做某事； need 有没有必要，需不需要做某事;must 是必须做某事，具有强制性的意味。
4.星期、具体日期、具体某一天的早上、下午、晚上用on; On Sunday, on October 4th, on Monday morning/ afternoon/ evening, on a cold night… 年份、 月份、季节，在早上、下午、晚上用in. In 1999, in November, in the morning/ afternoon/ evening, in summer … 注意：有了this , that, next , yesterday, tomorrow, 这些词时无介词。 This Monday, that afternoon, yesterday morning, tomorrow afternoon, next summer….
5.invite vt , 邀请 invite sb. to sp. 邀请某人去某地 Thanks a lot for inviting me to your birthday party .
6.have …… training 进行……训练 I’ll have basketball training with the school team next Wednesday .
7.over and over = again and again 反反复复地
8.happen和take place的区别 happen常指具体事件的发生，特别指那些偶然的或未能预见的“发生”。既可指愉快的事，也可指不愉快的事。常可表示“碰巧；恰好”之意。如： New things are happening all around us. It happened that I had no money on me. take place
通常指（某事）按计划进行或按计划发生。此外还有举行之意。如：
Great changes have taken place in China since The meeting will take place next Friday.
Unit 6 I’m more outgoing than my sisiter
1.A+be+形容词比较级+than+B A比B......较、更
大多数形容词有三种形式,原级,比较级和最高级, 以表示形容词说明的性质在程度上的不同。
形容词的原级: 形容词的原级形式就是词典中出现的形容词的原形。 例如: poor tall great glad bad
形容词的比较级和最高级: 形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在形容词的原级形式的基础上变化的。分为规则变化和不规则变化。
规则变化如下:
1) 单音节形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在词尾加 -er 和 -est 构成。
great (原级) (比较级) (最高级)
2) 以 -e 结尾的单音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加 -r 和 -st 构成。
wide (原级) (比较级) (最高级)
3)少数以-y, -er, -ow, -ble结尾的双音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加 -er 和 -est 构成。
clever(原级) (比较级) (最高级)
4) 以 -y 结尾,但 -y 前是辅音字母的形容词的比较级和最高级是把 -y 去掉,加上 -ier 和-est 构成.
happy (原形) (比较级) (最高级)
5) 以一个辅音字母结尾其前面的元音字母发短元音的形容词的比较级和最高级是双写该辅音字母然后再加 -er和-est。
big (原级) (比较级) (最高级)
6) 双音节和多音节形容词的比较级和最高级需用more 和 most 加在形容词前面来构成。
beautiful (原级)? (比较级) (比较级)
difficult (原级) (最高级) (最高级)
常用的不规则变化的形容词的比较级和最高级:
原级------比较级------最高级
good------better------best
many------more------most
much------more------most
bad------worse------worst
far------farther, further------farthest, furthest
形容词前如加 less 和 least 则表示"较不"和"最不
形容词比较级的用法:
形容词的比较级用于两个人或事物的比较,其结构形式如下:
主语+谓语(系动词)+ 形容词比较级+than+ 对比成分。 也就是, 含有形容词比较级的主句+than+从句。注意从句常常省去意义上和主句相同的部分, 而只剩下对比的成分。
形容词最高级的用法:
形容词最高级用于两个以上的人和物进行比较, 其结构形式为:
主语+谓语(系动词)+the+形容词最高级+名词+表示范围的短语或从句
2.both...and既…又…，两个都 否定形式是neither...or就近原则
3.calm down使平息, 使平静 形容词和动词
4.laugh at .因…而发笑 We laughed at his jokes.嘲笑, 取笑Are you laughing at me?蔑视; 对…满不在乎He laughed at the difficulties.
Unit 7 How do you make a banana milk shake?
1peel剥离 keep one's eyes peeled 提高警觉peel off v. 剥去；脱掉 he peels off his clothes
2turn on打开 turn off 关闭turn up调大 turn down调小
3take turns to do sth轮流做某事
4a slice of 一片... ~bread
5make faces做鬼脸 make friends with make a mistake make one’s bed make room for给...腾出地方
