英语—— 什么叫被动态,什么叫主动态?
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发布时间：2022-05-12 08:43
共3个回答
热心网友
时间：2024-02-23 05:11
（1）被动语态：英语被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即主语是动作的接受者。
语法结构：be+done，即be+动词过去分词。
例子：The telephone was invented by Bell in1876.
翻译：电话是贝尔于1876年发明的。
“get+done”也可以构成被动语态，用这种结构的句子侧重于动作的结果而不是动作本身。
例子：The man got hurt on his way home
翻译：那个男人在回家的路上受伤了。
（2）主动语态：表示主语是动作的执行者。即主语是动作的发出者。
语法结构：be+do，即即be+动词原形
例子：Bell invented the telephone in 1876。
翻译：贝尔于1876年发明了电话。
两者区别：主动语态直接使用动词原形作为谓语，然后再在该动词原形的基础上施加时态和其他语法；而被动语态则使用系词+动词的过去分词作为谓语，各种时态和其他语法也施加在系词上。
扩展资料
被动语态的用法：
（1）一般现在时的被动语态构成：is / am / are +及物动词的过去分词
例子：Our classroom is cleaned every day. 我们教室每天都被打扫。
（2）一般过去时的被动语态构成：was / were +及物动词的过去分词
例子：A new shop was built last year. 去年修了一座新商店。
（3）一般将来时的被动语态构成：will+ be + 及物动词的过去分词
例子：A new hospital will be built in our city. 我们城市将要修建一家新医院。
（4）现在进行时的被动语态构成：am / is / are + being +及物动词的过去分词
例子：My bike is being repaired by uncle wang now. 王叔叔正在修理我的自行车。
（5）现在完成时的被动语态构成：has / have + been +及物动词的过去分词
例子：This book has been translated into many languages. 这本书被翻译成多种文字。
（6）过去进行时的被动语态构成：was/were + being +及物动词的过去分词
例子：The new road was being made.这条新路正在修筑。
（7）过去完成时的被动语态构成：had + been +及物动词的过去分词
例子：The classroom hadn’t been cleaned before the teacher came.在老师来之前，教室尚未打扫。
（8）将来完成时的被动语态构成：shall/will + have been done
例子：They will have been married for 20 years by then. 届时，他们结婚将满20周年。
（9）含有情态动词的被动语态构成：情态动词 + be +及物动词的过去分词
例子：Young trees must be watered often. 小树需要经常浇水。
参考资料来源：百度百科-英语语法
热心网友
时间：2024-02-23 05:11
语态的作用：语态是动词的一种形式，用来说明主语和谓语之间的关系。
语态的选用：如果主语是动作的执行者，谓语用主动语态。
例如：We clean the room every day.
如果主语是动作的承受者，或者说是动作的对象，谓语则是要用被动语态。
例如：The room is cleaned every day.
被动语态由“助动词be + 急务动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be 有人称、数和事态的变化，其变化规则与be 作为连系动词时完全一样。
2：被动语态的各种形式
1) am/is/are +done
eg1：I'm asked to take care of myself. Football is played all over the world.
eg2：Football is not played all over the world.
eg3: Is football played all over the world?
这些玩具是中国制造的。
这个小偷是在那家超级市场被抓住的。
2）has /have been done
eg1：This book has been translated (翻译) into many foreign languages.
eg2：This book has not been translated into many foreign languages.
eg3: Has this book been translated into many foreign languages?
那两把伞已经送给了我父母。
今天这首歌已经被唱了几次了？
3）am/is /are being done
eg1：A road is being built around the mountain.
eg2：A road is not being built around the mountain.
eg3: Is a road being built around the mountain?
我们不能搬进新房间因为它正在油漆。
4） was/were done
eg1：This house was built in 1958.
eg2：This house was not built in 1958.
eg3: Was this house built in 1958?
昨天上午这条裙子被卖走了。
我的书在哪里？刚才它被放在桌子上得。
5) was/were being done
eg1：Meeting was being held when I was there.
eg2：Meeting was not being held when I was there.
eg3: Was meeting being held when you were there?
6) shall/will be done
eg1：He will be taken to hospital tomorrow.
eg2：He will not be taken to hospital tomorrow.
eg3: Will he be taken to hospital tomorrow?
热心网友
时间：2024-02-23 05:12
